Download Ch. 21.1: Origins of the Cold War

AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
US History
Ch. 21 Guide: The Cold War Begins
Name_____________________
Date____________ Per. ______
Ch. 21.1: Origins of the Cold War
1. As World War II was ending, the United States and the Soviet Union became
increasingly hostile toward each other. What name was given to these hostilities? How
long did they last?
2. Why did tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union begin to increase?
3. List the concerns of the Soviet Union and of the U.S.
Soviet Union Concerns & Goals
United States Concerns & Goals
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4. Why did U.S. leaders promote both international trade and free enterprise?
5. Who were the “Big Three” and what countries did they represent?
6. Complete the graphic organizer below by filling in the names of the names and dates of the
two conferences held among the “Big Three” and the outcomes of each.
Conference
Date
7. Identify: Declaration of Liberated Europe
Outcomes
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
21.1
8. How was the Declaration of Liberated Europe an example of the Allies trying to promote
democracy?
9. Why did Roosevelt and Churchill agree to recognize the Polish government set up by the
Soviets?
10. Explain how Germany was divided after WW II.
11. In what way did Stalin want to weaken Germany? What specific demands did Joseph
Stalin make?
12. How did these arguments over Germany affect the Cold War?
13. Give 2 reasons why the U.S. accused the Soviets of violating the Declaration of Liberated
Europe?
14. How did Harry S. Truman become president in 1945?
15. Why did Harry S Truman distrust Joseph Stalin?
16. Identify: Vyacheslav Molotov
17. Describe Truman’s actions in his meeting with Soviet Foreign Minister Molotov?
18. How did this meeting affect Soviet- American relations?
18. When did Truman and Stalin finally meet? Why did Stalin suspect Truman of bullying
him?
20. Identify: Iron Curtain
Satellite Nation
21. Use the map on p.658. Name the 8 satellite nations of the USSR.
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
Ch 21 Sec 2- The Early Cold War Years
1. Use chart p.660. What do you think was the most important cause of the Cold War? Why?
2. Identify: Gail Halvorsen
George Keenan
Long Telegram
Containment
3. Describe the basic American policy throughout the Cold War.
4. Name 2 geographic areas where the containment policy was tested. What were the results
of each test.
5. Identify: Dean Acheson
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan.
7. How did the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan address the spread of communism?
8. Describe the creation of East Germany and West Germany.
9. Identify: Berlin Airlift
NATO
Warsaw Pact
Mao Zedong
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
21.2
11. Why did the U.S. send the Nationalist Government in China $2 billion in aid?
12. Was the US aid effective? Explain.
13. How did the revolution in China affect American foreign policy with Japan?
15. Why did Soviet and U.S. troops enter Korea at the end of WWII?
17. Describe the results of reunification efforts in Korea at the beginning of the Cold War.
18. How did Truman view the Communist invasion of South Korea?
How did Truman respond?
19. Did China have a role in the Korean War?
Explain.
20. What were the reasons behind President Truman’s firing of Gen. Mac Arthur?
21. Describe U.S. casualties in the Korean War.
22. How did the Korean War mark a change in U.S. policy?
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
Ch 21 .3- The Cold War and American Society
1. What was the New Red Scare?
When was the first Red Scare?
2.Describe the American fears of Communism in 1946 and 1947. Give one example.
3. Identify: Loyalty review program
J. Edgar Hoover
Whittaker Chambers
Alger Hiss
Ethel and Julius Rosenberg
4. What was the purpose of Project Venona?
5. Was the Red Scare limited to federal government agencies only?
Explain.
6. What did Sen. Joseph McCarthy claim to have with him in West Virginia and Denver?
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
21.3
7. Identify- " The Party of Betrayal"
McCarran Act
McCarthyism
Army- McCarthy Hearings
8. Describe Senator McCarthy’s tactics.
9. What led to McCarthy's downfall?
10.What were the effects of McCarthyism?
11. What steps did U.S. take to prepare for a surprise Soviet attack?
12. Identify: fallout
fallout shelter
13. How did the Cold War affect life in the 1950"s?
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
Ch 21 Sec 4- Eisenhower's Policies
1. Give 4 reasons why many Americans believe that Harry S Truman’s foreign policies were
not working?
2. List the major candidates of the 1952 presidential election and the results.
3. Why did Eisenhower believe a “ New Look” in defense policy was necessary?
4. Identify: massive retaliation
Sputnik
NASA
NDEA
5. How did Eisenhower alter the nature of defense spending?
6. Why did the launching of Sputnik alarm Americans?
7.
Identify: brinkmanship
John Foster Dulles
Allen Dulles
CIA
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC
Ch.21.4
8. How was the border established between N. Korea and S. Korea at the end of the Korean
War?
What separates these countries today?
9. How did Eisenhower and Dulles halt Chinese liberation plans for Taiwan?
10. How did Dulles try and build support from Arabs in Egypt?
11. Why do you think Eisenhower felt the British and French made a “ mess and botch of
things” in Egypt?
12. Identify: Nikita Khrushchev
military- industrial complex
Frances Gary Powers
13. Where did Eisenhower use covert operations? Why did Eisenhower choose to use covert
operations?
14. How did Eisenhower fight communism in Eastern Europe?
15. How did President Eisenhower try to ease Cold War tensions? Why did this attempt fail?
16. Why did Eisenhower warn Americans about the military-industrial complex?
AH: 1AB, 6DEF, 14BE, 24AB, 25ABC