Download Chemistry Chapter 2 - Barnstable Academy

Chemistry Chapter 2
Matching
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. mixture
d. reactant
b. product
e. heterogeneous mixture
c. phase
f. vapor
____
____
____
____
____
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
gaseous state of substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature
a physical blend of two or more components
not uniform in composition
a substance formed in a chemical reaction
starting substance in a chemical reaction
Match each item with the correct statement below.
a. distillation
d. compound
b. mass
e. element
c. chemical reaction
f. homogeneous
____ 6.
____ 7.
____ 8.
____ 9.
____ 10.
amount of matter an object contains
describes mixture with a uniform composition
a process in which a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is condensed again into a liquid
substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances by chemical means
composed of two or more substances chemically combined in a fixed proportion
Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
____ 11. Which of the following is NOT an example of matter?
a. air
c. smoke
b. heat
d. water vapor
____ 12. A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it ____.
a. takes up more space
c. contains different kinds of matter
b. contains more matter
d. has a definite composition
____ 13. An example of an extensive property of matter is ____.
a. temperature
c. mass
b. pressure
d. hardness
____ 14. All of the following are physical properties of matter EXCEPT ____.
a. mass
c. melting point
b. color
d. ability to rust
____ 15. Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water?
a. It has a boiling point of 100 C.
b. It is a colorless liquid.
c. It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.
d. Sugar dissolves in it.
____ 16. Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance?
a. color and odor
c. malleability and hardness
b. melting and boiling points
d. all of the above
____ 17. A vapor is which state of matter?
a. solid
c. gas
b. liquid
d. all of the above
____ 18. A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room temperature?
a. solid
c. gas
b. liquid
d. liquid or solid
____ 19. Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container?
a. solid
c. gas
b. liquid
d. both b and c
____ 20. Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container?
a. solid
c. gas
b. liquid
d. both b and c
____ 21. Which state of matter is characterized by having an indefinite shape, but a definite volume?
a. gas
c. solid
b. liquid
d. none of the above
____ 22. Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress?
a. gas
c. solid
b. liquid
d. all of the above
____ 23. All of the following are physical properties of a substance in the liquid state EXCEPT ____.
a. indefinite volume
c. not easily compressed
b. definite mass
d. indefinite shape
____ 24. Which of the following is a physical change?
a. corrosion
c. evaporation
b. explosion
d. rotting of food
____ 25. Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance?
a. table salt
c. nitrogen
b. air
d. gold
____ 26. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a. air
c. steel
b. salt water
d. soil
____ 27. Which of the following CANNOT be considered a single phase?
a. a pure solid
c. a homogeneous mixture
b. a pure liquid
d. a heterogeneous mixture
____ 28. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture?
a. vinegar in water
c. oil and vinegar
b. milk
d. air
____ 29. An example of a homogeneous mixture is ____.
a. water
c. noodle soup
b. stainless steel
d. oxygen
____ 30. Which of the following items is NOT a compound?
a. baking soda
c. sucrose
b. salad dressing
d. table salt
____ 31. Which of the following is true about compounds?
a. They can be physically separated into their component elements.
b. They have compositions that vary.
c. They are substances.
d. They have properties similar to those of their component elements.
____ 32. Which of the following materials is a substance?
a. air
c. stainless steel
b. gasoline
d. silver
____ 33. What is one difference between a mixture and a compound?
a. A compound consists of more than one phase.
b. A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
c. A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means.
d. A mixture must be uniform in composition.
____ 34. What distinguishes a substance from a mixture?
a. Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not.
b. Mixtures are groupings of elements, and compounds are not.
c. Samples of the same substance can have different intensive properties.
d. Mixtures can be separated physically, while compounds cannot.
____ 35. The first figure in a properly written chemical symbol always is ____.
a. boldfaced
c. italicized
b. capitalized
d. underlined
____ 36. Which of the following is used for chemical symbols today?
a. drawings
c. letters
b. icons
d. numbers
____ 37. Which of the following represents a compound?
a. H
c. H2O
b. H-3
d. O-16
____ 38. The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the ____.
a. identity of the elements in the compound
b. how elements are joined in the compound
c. the composition of the compound
d. relative proportions of the elements in the compound
____ 39. What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively?
a. elements and compounds
b. atoms and mixtures
c. compounds and mixtures
d. elements and ions
____ 40. Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name?
a. calcium
c. oxygen
b. hydrogen
d. potassium
____ 41. Which of the following is a chemical property?
a. color
c. freezing point
b. hardness
d. ability to react with oxygen
____ 42. In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, which
of the following is a reactant?
a. sucrose
c. water
b. carbon dioxide
d. heat
____ 43. What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction?
a. There must be a change in chemical properties.
b. There must be a change in physical properties.
c. The change must involve a change in mass.
d. The change must involve a change in volume.
____ 44. Which of the following is NOT a physical change?
a. grating cheese
c. fermenting of cheese
b. melting cheese
d. mixing two cheeses in a bowl
____ 45. All of the following changes to a metal are physical changes EXCEPT ____.
a. bending
c. rusting
b. melting
d. polishing
____ 46. Which of the following does NOT involve a physical change?
a. mixing
c. grinding
b. melting
d. decomposing
____ 47. Which of the following processes does NOT involve a change in chemical properties?
a. rusting
c. boiling
b. fermenting
d. burning
____ 48. A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood ____.
a. is split
c. decays
b. is painted
d. is cut
____ 49. Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4 C?
a. its color
b. its state
c. its temperature
d. its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen
____ 50. What must be done to be certain that a chemical change has taken place?
a. Check for the production of bubbles before and after the change.
b. Demonstrate that a release of energy occurred after the change.
c. Check the composition of the sample before and after the change.
d. Demonstrate that energy was absorbed by the reactants after the change.
____ 51. When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place?
a. a physical change
b. a chemical change
c. neither a physical change nor a chemical change
d. both a physical change and a chemical change
____ 52. Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during cooking?
a. The food darkens.
b. Bubbles form in boiling water.
c. Butter melts.
d. Energy is transferred from the stove to a pan.
____ 53. Which of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical change may have taken place?
a. fracture formation
c. precipitate formation
b. gas production
d. energy transfer
____ 54. Which action changes the identity of the substance referenced?
a. melting gold
b. running an electric current through copper
c. corroding iron
d. breaking an ice cube
____ 55. Which of the following is true for all chemical reactions?
a. The total mass of the reactants increases.
b. The total mass of the products is greater than the total mass of the reactants.
c. The total mass of the products is less than the total mass of the reactants.
d. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products.
Numeric Response
56. What is the melting point of water in degrees Celsius?
57. In how many physical states does water commonly exist?
58. What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius?
59. Approximately how many elements exist in nature?
60. How many grams of liquid water are produced when 60 grams of ice melt?