Download Abnormal Psychology - Northern Highlands

CP PSYCHOLOGY
FINAL REVIEW
Name:____________________________
Rabadan
Chapter 1
The Science of Psychology
1. All of the following are schools of
thought EXCEPT
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Voluntarism
Structuralism
Voyeurism
Psychodynamic
Behaviorism
2. The first psychological laboratory
was founded in 1879 by
a.
b.
c.
d.
B.F. Skinner
Jean Piaget
Sigmund Freud
Wilhelm Wundt
3. All of the following experiments
were discussed in class as raising
ethical issues EXCEPT
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stanford prison study
Landis’ facial expression study
Milgram’s obedience study
Watson’s Baby Albert study
4. Psychology is the science of …
a.
b.
c.
d.
objective introspection
emotions
behavior and mental processes
mental disorders
5. The relationship between hours
spent studying and good grades can
best be described as
a.
b.
c.
d.
causation
correlation
if-then
objective
Chapter 2
The Biological Basis of Behavior
6. Psychologists who study the brain’s
influence on behavior are
called__________.
a.
b.
c.
e.
neuropsychologists
evolutionary psychologists
experimental psychologists
personality psychologists
7. The smallest unit in the nervous
system is the ___________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
dendrite
neuron
axon
nerve
8. Neurons whose primary purpose is
to collect information from the
sensory organs and carry that
information to the spinal cord or
brain are called _______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
afferent neurons
active neurons
efferent neurons
interneurons
9. The so-called “master gland” that
appears to help regulate the other
endocrine glands is the
_____________ gland.
a.
b.
c.
d.
adrenal
pineal
pituitary
thyroid
10. Which of the following have the
MOST similar genetic composition?
a.
b.
c.
d.
fraternal twins
siblings
identical twins
cousins
11. Phineas Gage was a foreman on a
railroad crew who suffered brain
damage in a blasting accident. After
the accident he lost interest in his
job and had difficulty maintaining
any goal-directed behaviors. He
seemed apathetic and capable of
only shallow emotions. The
damaged part of his brain was
probably the
___________________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
occipital lobe
temporal lobe
parietal lobe
frontal lobe
15. A response to an unknown event not
presented to any known sense is the
technical defintion of __________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
cognitive distortion
extrasensory perception
a perceptual illusion
the phi phenomenon
16. For humans, the ability to ________
is probably the most important
sense.
a.
b.
c.
d.
hear
taste
see
smell
Chapter 3
Sensation and Perception
12. The process of creating meaningful
patterns from raw sensory
information is_____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
sensation
transduction
the phi phenomenon
perception
13. Which of the following is NOT a
measure of threshold?
a.
b.
c.
d.
absolute threshold
difference threshold
just noticeable difference
separation threshold
14. The point at which a person can
detect a stimulus 50 percent of the
time it is presented
is called the ____________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
absolute threshold
difference threshold
range threshold
noticeable threshold
17. The clear, transparent protective
coating over the front part of the eye
is the _______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
fovea
cornea
sclera
iris
18. The inner lining on the back of the
eyeball containing receptor cells
which are sensitive to light is called
the ____________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
fovea
retina
iris
optic nerve
Chapter 4
States of Consciousness
19. Our sleeping-waking cycle follows a
a.
b.
c.
d.
NREM rhythm
5-stage rhythm
REM rhythm
Circadian rhythm
20. Freud explained dreams as
a. an oral fixation
b. unfulfilled wishes from waking
consciousness
c. neural firing
d. unnecessary information cleaned out
of the brain
24. _________ is America’s number
one drug problem.
a. Alcohol
b. Cocaine
c. Heroin
d. Nicotine
21. Chemical substances that change
moods and perceptions are called
__________ drugs.
25. Humans have the urge to engage in
this naturally occurring altered state
of consciousness about every 90
minutes
a.
b.
c.
d.
a.
b.
c.
e.
prescription
analgesic
psychosomatic
psychoactive
22. The popular American 19th century
patent medicine, laudanum, was
made of ____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cocaine and morphine
alcohol and caffeine
opium and alcohol
caffeine and cocaine
sleeping lucid
dreaming
daydreaming
narcolepsy
Chapter 5
Learning
26. Which of the following
psychologists is associated with
classical conditioning?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Pavlov
Thorndike
Watson
Bandura
23. “Club Drugs” refer to
a. socially approved drugs available
over-the-counter or in bars and
private clubs.
b. substances manufactured in small
laboratories or even home kitchens.
c. traditionally popular illegal
substances such as marijuana and
cocaine.
d. prescription drugs used for
recreational purposes
27. He created an apparatus for training
lab animals with conditioning.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Thorndike
Watson
Skinner
Bandura
28. An alternative to punishment that
involves giving organisms a
warning before being punished is
known as
a.
b.
c.
d.
omission training
Garcia effect
Avoidance training
Systematic desensitization
Chapter 6
Memory
32. The theory that cognitive
psychologists use to explain
memory today is known as the
a.
b.
c.
d.
long term potentiation
decay theory
information processing theory
interference theory
29. Anything that adds something
desirable to increase the likelihood
of a behavior is called a
a.
b.
c.
d.
positive punishment
negative punishment
positive reinforcement
negative reinforcement
30. His work with cats in a puzzle box
illustrated the concept of operant
conditioning.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Skinner
Watson
Thorndike
Bandura
33. The theory that cognitive
psychologists use to explain
memory today is known as the
a.
b.
c.
d.
long term potentiation
decay theory
information processing theory
interference theory
34. Also known as working memory, it
can store about as much as we can
rehearse in 1.5 to 2 seconds.
a.
b.
c.
d.
LTM
Sensory registers
Episodic memory
STM
31. Another name for negative
punishment is
a.
b.
c.
d.
reinforcement
omission training
avoidance training
vicarious learning
35. If you had to memorize the list of
numbers 2009199917761984 and
chose to remember it as 2009 1999
1776 1984, you are using the
technique of
a.
b.
c.
d.
rote rehearsal
elaborative rehearsal
schemata
chunking
36. According to this, we remember the
beginning of a list of items more
easily.
a.
b.
c.
e.
Retrograde amnesia
Decay
Recency
Primacy
37. Method of enhancing STM where
you repeat information over and
over again
a.
b.
c.
d.
elaborative rehearsal
schemata
rote rehearsal
sufi meditation
Chapter 7&8
Intelligence
38. This early theorist who proposed 7
distinct and independent intelligence
areas proposed ideas that would
later evolve into the contemporary
theory of “multiple intelligences.”
a.
b.
c.
d.
Thurstone
Goleman
Sternberg
Spearman
39. Test after retest, an individual
receives similar scores. The test is
said to have
a.
b.
c.
d.
Validity
Reliability
Bias
Standardization
40. Your performance compared to
other test takers is expressed as the
a.
b.
c.
d.
standardization
raw score
percentage correct
standard score
41. This corresponds with the number
of questions you answered correctly
on a given test.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Standardization
Raw score
Standard score
Percentile score
42. This researcher developed the first
IQ test still used for adults.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Stanford Binet
Simon Binet
Wechsler
Terman
43. The most common IQ score HAS
TO BE
a.
b.
c.
d.
80
120
150
100
44. His early theory of intelligence
advocated a G-factor regarding
intelligence: strength in a specific
area often was indicative of overall
intelligence.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Goleman
Gardner
Spearman
Sternberg
Chapter 9
Motivation and Emotion
45. Non-human animals secrete these
chemicals to signal sexual readiness.
a.
b.
c.
d.
estrogens
hormones
testosterone
pheromones
46. An eating disorder that involves
binging and purging behavior.
a.
b.
c.
d.
diabetes
bulimia
anorexia
obesity
50. A(n) ____ is a need that pushes a
person to work toward a specific
goal.
a.
b.
c.
e.
motive
incentive
behavior
stimulus
51. Another name for hand gestures,
they vary from culture to culture
a.
b.
c.
d.
jazz hands
display rules
emotions
emblems
Chapter 10
Life Span Development
47. The primary drives include all of the
following EXCEPT
a.
b.
c.
d.
sex
thirst
hunger
manipulation and contact
52. The study of how people change
from birth to old age is called ….
Psychology.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cognitive
Developmental
Behavioral
Aging
48. Our bodies try to maintain ____,
which is a state of balance.
a.
b.
c.
d.
reciprocity
incentives
homeostasis
acquiescence
49. The Harlows conducted research on
infant monkeys to determine that the
bond between mother and infant is
primarily driven by a need for
a .esteem
b. contact
c. food
d. curiosity
53. Cocaine, alcohol, tetracycline,
lithium and valium are all known to
be toxic to the developing fetus.
These chemicals are called
a.
b.
c.
d.
Neurotransmitters
Teratogens
Pheromones
Carcinogenic
54. The five stages of death/grief were
proposed by
a.
b.
c.
d.
Skinner
Chomsky
Kubler-Ross
Thomas and Chess
55. The developmental period from
conception to birth is known as the
…stage
a.
b.
c.
d.
Neonatal
Prenatal
Fetal
Embryonic
Chapter 11
Personality
59. According to your text, personality
is each of the following EXCEPT
_____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
unpredictable
stable
enduring
unique
60. The best known and most influential
psychodynamic theorist is
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Freud
Watson
Skinner
Maslow
56. The “visual cliff” is used to measure
61. For Freud, the id is _____.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Motor development
Egocentrism
Depth perception
Distance vision
57. The physical changes that occur
during the process of sexual
maturity.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Adolescence
Growth spurt
Puberty
Menopause
58. The “Heinz Dilemma” was used by
Kohlberg to measure
a.
b.
c.
d.
Moral Development
Cognitive development
Motor Development
Social Development
a.
b.
c.
d.
completely conscious
mostly conscious
mostly unconscious
completely unconscious
62. Each of the following theorists is
considered a “neo-Freudian”
EXCEPT_______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Horney
Cattell
Adler
Erickson
63. Collective memories of experiences
people have had in common since
prehistoric times, such as mothers,
heroes, or villains are called
_____by Jung.
a.
b.
c.
d.
personas
animisms
archetypes
animas
64. Adler called the individual’s
attempts to overcome physical
weaknesses _______.
a.
b.
c.
d.
reciprocity
reaction formation
compensation
fictional finalism
68. Those who experience generalized
anxiety disorder often experience
anxiety without a source. This
anxiety is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
paranoia
phobia
free-floating
fugue
65. Horney believed that ____ factors
are the most important factors
shaping personality.
69. Sexual desire disorders are also
called
a. social
b. innate
c. sexual
d. unconscious
a.
b.
c.
d.
Chapter 13
Abnormal Psychology
66. In the United States, this individual
fought for the human treatment of
psychiatric patients.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Philippe Pinel
Hippocrates
Dorothea Dix
Sigmund Freud
67. With the advent of antipsychotic
drugs in the 1960s, many long-term
psychiatric patients were released
from institutions. This movement
was called
a.
b.
c.
d.
ECT
deinstitutionalization
DSM
Lobotomy
dysfunctions
rumination disorders
affective disorders
paraphilias
70. An acute feeling of anxiety that is
brief but very intense. Individuals
experiencing it often feel as though
they may not live through it.
a.
b.
c.
d.
phobia
panic attack
hypochondriasis
fugue
71. Through most of the Dark and
Middle Ages, people believed
mental illness was a result of
demonic possession. This view was
known as the
a. Naturalistic View
b. Supernatural View
c. Biological View
d. Demonic View
72. Muffy reports that she often feels
like she is separated from her body
or floating above herself. She
sometimes feels like she is not real
or that she is a doll or robot. She
most likely has
a.
b.
c.
d.
somatization
conversion
depersonalization
fugue
Chapter 15
Social Psychology
73. A set of beliefs or expectations
about something/someone based on
past experiences is also known as
a. Recategorization
b. In-group bias
c. Ethnocentrism
d. Schema
74. Early information about someone
makes a greater impact than later
information in forming impressions
a.
b.
c.
d.
Prejudice
Ethnocentrism
Primacy effect
Attribution
75. Perceived inconsistency between
two cognitions
a.
b.
c.
d.
Cognitive dissonance
Attribution
Self-Serving Bias
Recategorization
76. Beliefs that most members of a
society accept as self-evident and
indisputable.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Assimilators
Cultural Truisms
Norms
Altruism
77. Helping behavior that is not linked
to personal gain
a.
b.
c.
d.
Groupthink
Attribution
Altruism
Ethnocentrism
78. An unspoken pressure to go along
with group norms is also known as
a.
b.
c.
d.
Obedience
Conformity
Compliance
Altruism
79. The Kitty Genovese case inspired
social psychologists to conduct
research on
a.
b.
c.
d.
Altruism
Conformity
Obedience
Ethnocentrism
80. Milgram’s experiment was designed
to test
a.
b.
c.
d.
Obedience
Altruism
Conformity
Learning