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The Effects of the Crusades
E. Napp
Objective: To identify and explain significant effects of the Crusades on Western Europe
Do Now: Multiple-choice questions from previous lessons
1. During the feudal period in Europe,
4. “. . . Christian warriors, He who gave His
power and position in society were based on life for you, today demands yours in return.
the
These are combats worthy of you, combats
(1) amount of money earned
in which it is glorious to conquer and
(2) level of education achieved
advantageous to die. Illustrious knights,
(3) number of slaves owned
generous defenders of the Cross, remember
(4) amount of land possessed
the examples of your fathers who conquered
Jerusalem, and whose names are inscribed
2. What is a primary characteristic of a
in Heaven; abandon then the things that
feudal society?
perish, to gather unfading palms, and
(1) a representative government
conquer a Kingdom which has no end.”
(2) economic equality for all
— St. Bernard of Clairvaux
(3) protection of individual rights
This statement was most likely used to
(4) an exchange of land for services
encourage people to
(1) repel a Viking invasion
3. Which circumstance best describes a
(2) stop advancement of the Huns in Europe
long-term result of the Crusades?
(3) join the Crusades
(1) Muslim control of Jerusalem ended.
(4) force Russians to convert to Catholicism
(2) Feudalism began in western Europe.
(3) Cultural exchanges between the Middle
5. Which institution served as the primary
East and Europe grew.
unifying force in medieval western Europe?
(4) Christians and Muslims achieved a
(1) legislature
lasting peace.
(2) church
(3) monarchy
(4) military
The Christians were never able to effectively
take, and then maintain control; however, many
changes occurred as a result of the Crusades.
The majority of feudal lords were killed, which
allowed the few remaining to gain more power,
eventually resulting in the rise of nation-states
and absolute monarchs. Also, cultural diffusion
occurred between the Arab and European
worlds. New ideas and trade goods flowed
between the two areas which eventually brought
Europe to the forefront of world affairs.
~ Regentsprep.org
Questions:
Where the Christians able to
effectively take control of the Holy
Land?
________________________________
What occurred as a result of the
Crusades?
________________________________
Why did kings or absolute monarchs
gain power?
________________________________
What occurred between the Arab and
European worlds?
________________________________
How did new ideas and trade goods
change Europe?
________________________________
Cornell Notes Outline: The Effects of the Crusades (Add Key Words and Summaries)
The Key
Words:
The Notes:
I.
The Crusades
A. A series of holy wars between Western European Christians
and Middle Eastern Muslims for control of the “Holy Land”
1- 1095 A.D. – 1291 A.D.
2- Ultimately, Christians lost control of the Holy Land
II.
The Effects of the Crusades
A. Christians permanently lost control of the “Holy Land”
B.
However, considered a “successful failure”
1- Christians failed to capture “Holy Land”
2- However, Western Europeans gained important
ideas and objects from the very advanced Islamic
societies of the Middle East
a) Algebra
b) Decimals
c) Arabic numerals
d) Medicine
e) Biology astronomy
f) Spices
g) Perfume
3- Trade also increased
4- Feudalism declined
a) Western European kings gained power
5- However, persecution of religious minorities
increased
The
Summaries:
Please read the passage below and answer the questions:
The Crusades were a series of wars between Christians and Muslims during the Middle
Ages. Western European Christians sought to gain control of Palestine, the land where
Jesus lived, died, and according to Christians, was resurrected, from the Muslims. While
Christian Crusaders never achieved more than temporary control of Jerusalem, the
Crusades had many lasting effects on Western European societies. These effects
profoundly changed the lives of Western Europeans.
One of the many effects of the Crusades was that the pope and the kings of Western
Europe became more powerful. In addition, Europeans began to trade with the Middle
East. Trade increased as Western Europeans began to buy products like sugar, lemons,
and spices. Naturally, increased trade led to increased cultural diffusion. Crusaders and
traders learned about Arab art, architecture, medicine, and mathematics. Since the Arabs
were very advanced in science and mathematics, Western European knowledge increased.
Finally, after traveling to the Middle East, may Western Europeans began to see their
small villages as uninteresting and even boring. Many Western Europeans began to seek
adventure. Exploration increased.
Questions:
1: What were the Crusades?
______________________________________________________________________________
2: Who ultimately won the Crusades?
______________________________________________________________________________
3: What were the effects of the Crusades on Western European society?
______________________________________________________________________________
4: Some historians refer to the Crusades as the most successful failure in Western
European history. Why were the Crusades failures and yet successes?
______________________________________________________________________________
List two good that Western Europeans received from the Middle East:
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________
List two ideas that Western Europeans received from the Middle East:
1. ______________________________________
2. ______________________________________
List a farming idea that Western Europeans received from the Middle East:
1. ______________________________________
Multiple-Choice Question:
In Europe, a long-term effect of the Crusades
was
1. the strengthening of the feudal system
2. the adoption of Islamic religious
practices
3. an increased demand for goods from the
East
4. increased European isolation
What were two indirect results of the Crusades?
1. trade and commerce increased and the
feudal system was strengthened
2. trade and commerce declined and the
feudal system was strengthened
3. trade and commerce increased and the
feudal system was weakened
4. trade and commerce declined and the
feudal system was weakened
One important effect of the Crusades on
Western Europe was that they
1. led to a decline in the importance of the
church in Western Europe
2. furthered cultural diffusion throughout
Western Europe
3. introduced the Industrial Revolution to
Western Europe
4. ended the western European quest for
an overseas empire
One major result of the Crusades was the
1. permanent occupation of the Holy Land
by the Europeans
2. long-term decrease in European trade
3. conversion of most Muslims to
Christianity
4. spread of Middle Eastern culture and
technology to Europe
The Crusades have been called “history’s most
successful failures.” Which statement best
explains this expression?
1. The Crusades did not achieve their
original goals, but they brought about
many desirable changes in Europe.
2. Although the Crusaders captured the
Holy Land, they were unable to bring
about democratic reforms.
3. The Crusades helped bring about the fall
of the Roman Empire
4. The Crusaders prevented the Turks
from capturing Constantinople for many
centuries
A major goal of the Christian Church during
the Crusades (1096–1291) was to
1. establish Christianity in western Europe
2. capture the Holy Land from Islamic
rulers
3. unite warring Arab peoples
4. strengthen English dominance in the
Arab world
The Medieval Crusades were taken and then turned into something that they never really were
in the first place. They were turned into a kind of a proto-imperialism, an attempt to bring the
fruits of European civilization to the Middle East, when, in fact, during the Middle Ages the
great sophisticated and wealthy power was the Muslim world. Europe was the Third World. . .
.
— Thomas Madden, St. Louis University,
These statements indicate that the history of the Crusades
(1) Has been neglected by experts
(3) Is the subject of debate and interpretation
(2) Was of little importance
(4) Illustrates the importance of tolerance