Download Inheritance Unit Review

Review Sheet: Genetics Inheritance Test
Part I: Important Vocabulary
Students should be able to:
 Define and apply the important genetic terms
 Predict phenotype given the genotype of an organism.

Understand and apply the terms homozygous and heterozygous

Describe how genetics and environment can determine traits
Important Terms:
DNA
Chromosome
Gene
Protein
Trait
Phenotype
Genotype
Allele
Dominant Trait
Dominant Allele
Recessive Trait
Recessive Allele
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Homologous Chromosomes
Gamete
Somatic cell
Zygote
Carrier
Practice Problems
1.
2.
3.
4.
Study the definitions for the important terms listed above.
What is the difference between a Chromosome, DNA, and a gene?
What is the difference between a dominant trait and a recessive trait?
Do the following statements describe phenotypes or genotypes?
a. The plant is homozygous for white flowers
b. The bird has white feathers
c. She is a carrier for sickle cell disease
5. H = widow’s peak, and h =non-widow’s peak. What would be the genotypes and phenotypes for the
following:
a. non-widow’s peak
b. homozygous for widow’s peak
c. heterozygous for widows peak
6. What is a trait that is influenced by both genetics and your environment? Can you come-up with one
that is primarily determined by genetics? How about determined primarily by your environment?
Part II: Simple Inheritance Problems
Students should be able to:
 Define and apply the important genetic terms
 Solve single and double trait crosses
Practice Problems
Important Terms:
Dominant Trait
Gene
Dominant Allele
In your answers you will need to complete each of the following
Trait
Recessive Trait
steps and show all work.
Phenotype
Recessive Allele
a. Assign letters to the alleles
Genotype
Heterozygous
b. Determine the genotypes for each parent
Allele
Homozygous
c. Set up the Punnett-square and complete it
d. Construct a chart that shows the genotypes, phenotypes,
frequencies, and probabilities (%)
e. Answer the original question in a complete sentence
1.
In dogs deafness is a recessive trait. What are the chances that two parents, who are
both carriers, will have a puppy that is deaf?
2. Ability to taste PTC is dominant over not tasting PTC. A heterozygous PTC taster has a
child with a homozygous PTC taster. What are the chances the child can taste PTC?
Use the pea plant chart in your inheritance packet to answer the following questions:
3. If a white and terminal flowered pea plant fertilizes a homozygous purple/heterozygous axial flowered
pea plant? What will the offspring most likely look like?
4. If a heterozygous round and green seeded pea plant is bred with a wrinkled and homozygous yellow
seeded pea plant, what are the chances the offspring will be wrinkled and yellow seeded?
a. What are the possible genotypes of gametes passed down by each parent?
b. Set up a 2-trait punnett square and be able to fill in the spaces.
c. Be able to discuss genotypes, phenotypes, and frequencies of each by looking at
the punnett square.
Part III: Complex Inheritance Problems
Students should be able to:
 Solve problems involving complex inheritance patterns (list below)
 Know the genotypes for blood types and be able to solve genetic problems to predict blood types of
offspring
Important Terms:
Co-dominance
Polygenic Inheritance
Multiple Alleles
Sex-linked Traits
Allele
C
cch
ch
c
Practice Problems
1.
Codominance: A dog with black fur (BB) is bred with a dog with black and white
marks (BW). What are the chances that their offspring is entirely black?
2. Multiple Alleles: Using the chart below to answer the question.
Trait
Full color
Chinchilla
Himalayan
Albino
Inheritance
Dominant to all other alleles
Dominant to ch and c alleles
Dominant to c allele
Recessive to all other alleles
What are the offspring possibilities and probabilities when a heterozygous ‘Himalayan” male rabbit mates
with a Chinchilla female rabbit who ‘carries’ the albino allele? Show all work and show each step.
3. Sex-linked: Color blindness is a sex-linked recessive trait. A normal male and a female who is a carrier have a
child. What are the chances that their son will be color blind? What are the chances that their daughter will
be color blind?
4. Polygenic Inheritance: Which person would have darker eyes color: AaBBCc or AABbcc? Explain how you know
this?
5. Blood Typing: A man with type O blood marries a woman has AB blood. What type of blood are their children
likely to have? Show all your work (including a Punnett square) and give the genotype and probability of each
blood type. (4 points)