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BM4 Review (fall 2014) Ch.3B Capítulo 3B Grammar: Present progressive, Tú commands, D.O.P, I.O.P., Imperfect A) Present progressive 1. Present progressive tells what is happening right now_. 2. Present progressive is made of 2 parts: Present tense of the verb __ESTAR_ + __PRESENT PARTICIPLE_ 3. Write the 6 forms of “estar” in the present tense: What are the 2 endings for the 2 nd verb? ___estoy___ estamos_____ -ar - - ando __ estás_____ estáis_______ -er/-ir - -iendo ___está____ están________ 4. Examples: Write the following in the present progressive in Spanish: She is waiting. ____Ella está esperando.________ We are eating. ___Nosotros estamos comiendo._______ 5. Some verbs have irregular participle forms. Group 1 – -ir stem-changing verbs (only have a single letter change e-i or o-u) *Note - -ar and –er stem-changing verbs do NOT change in the present progressive. Write the meaning of each verb. Then write the irregular participle. Infinitive English meaning irregular participle 1. decir to say/tell diciendo 6. vestir to dress vistiendo 2. pedir to ask for/order pidiendo 7. dormir to sleep durmiendo 3. repetir to repeat repitiendo 4. seguir to follow/continue siguiendo 5. servir to serve sirviendo Group 2 – Verbs that end in –eer/-aer/-uir (change i-y) 8. leer leyendo 9. traer trayendo 6. When you use object pronouns (reflexive, direct, indirect) with the present progressive, you either put them ____before “estar”________ or ____attached to the end of the present participle. 7. In the second case, you will need to add an __accent mark___ over the vowel that is normally stressed in the present participle. (_2nd_ to last syllable BEFORE you added the pronoun) Práctica - Write the correct form of the present progressive for each one. 1. Ella ________está esperando_____ el autobús. (esperar) 2. El policía me ________está siguiendo___________. (seguir) 3. Yo ________________estoy dejando__________________ el coche en la plaza. (dejar) 4. Nosotros ________estamos cruzando________ la calle. (cruzar) 6. Ellos _________están trayendo___________la comida. (traer) 7. Los niños _________están durmiendo_________________________. (dormir) 10. Yo ______estoy repitiendo_____ el vocabulario. (repetir) 12. El padre ___le está dando / está dándole____ un triciclo nuevo a su hijo. (darle) B) Direct object pronouns 1. What is a direct object?__tells who/what receives the action of the verb 2. Direct objects can refer to both ___objects____ & ____people_______. 2. To find a D.O. in the sentence, find the verb and ask the questions __Who___? or __What___? Ex: I eat pizza every day DOP=__la (it- takes place of pizza)___ 3. Direct object pronouns replace direct object __Nouns__. 4. List the direct object pronouns in Spanish: Singular Plural _me__ me _____nos__ us _te___ you (informal) ______os_ you all (informal) _lo____ him, it (masc.), you (formal) ______las_ them, you all (fem.) _la____ her, it (fem.), you (formal) ______los them, you all (masc.) 5. Describe where to place the D.O.P. in the following cases: a. in a sentence with one conjugated verb ____before the verb_______ b. in a sentence with 2 verbs ___before the 1st or attached to the end of the 2nd verb_________ c. with a positive tú command ____attached to the end of the command________ Práctica – Rewrite each sentence, replacing the direct object noun with a D.O.P. 1. Ella cruza el puente. _________Ella lo cruza________________ (She crosses the bridge.) (She crosses it.) 2. Ellos están llamando a nosotros. _______Ellos están llamándonos___________________ 3. Yo siempre visito a mis abuelos los sábados. Yo siempre los visito los sábados__________ 4. Mi hermano y yo no decimos la verdad. ______Mi hermano y yo no la decimos.___________ D) Informal (tú) commands 1. What are commands?_Verbs that tell someone to do something__________________ 2. To make a tú command, put the verb in __the he/she/it form of the present tense______________ 3. When using a pronoun, __attach___________ it to the command. *You will need to add an _accent mark_____ if the command has more than one syllable. 4. There are 8 irregular tú commands. List them below: Infinitive English meaning command 1. venir ___to come___ __ven____ 2. decir _to say, to tell__ ___di____ 3. salir _to leave, to go out __sal_____ 4. hacer _to do, to make _haz_____ 5. tener _to have______ __ten____ 6. ir __to go_______ __ve_____ 7. poner _to put, to place __pon____ 8. ser _to be________ __sé_____ 5. What is the phrase we talked about in class that can help you remember these irregular commands? __Ven DiSal Haz Ten VePonSé__________________________________ Práctica – Write the command form for each one. 1. ____Ve_____ despacio. (ir) 5. ___Hazla____ (hacerla) 2. ____Dobla_____ a la derecha en el semáforo. (doblar) 6. Leo, ___sé__ bueno. (ser) 3. __Déjame_____ en paz. (dejarme) 7. Sígueme_____ hasta el puente. (seguirme) 4. _Ten___ cuidado. (tener) 8. ________Dime_ cómo se va al cine. (decirme)