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Download The Obesity Epidemic: Are Our Tastebuds to Blame? Timothy Gilbertson, Ph.D.
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Sunrise Session (June 13, 2006) The Obesity Epidemic: Are Our Tastebuds to Blame? Timothy Gilbertson, Ph.D. Professor Department of Biology Utah State University 5305 Old Main Hill Logan, UT 84322-5305 Phone: (435) 797-7314 Email: [email protected] THE EPIDEMIC >> Obesity Trends in the U.S. 1985 2003 No Data <10% 10-14% 15-19% 20-24% >25% Health Effects of Obesity THE CAUSE >> LIFESTYLE CHOICES • Hypertension • Diabetes eat too much; exercise too little • Heart Disease • End Stage Renal Disease SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS • Joint Problems education level; food cost • Sleep Apnea • Cancer • Metabolic Syndrome • Psychosocial Effects GENETIC FACTORS obesity linked directly to genes METABOLIC DISORDERS differences in energy expenditure The Obesity Epidemic: Are Our Tastebuds to Blame? THE ROADBLOCK >> THE CURE >> Nutrient Detection and Fat Receptors Food Intake Energy Balance = Taste Energy Expenditure If energy balance is > 1, you gain weight If energy balance is < 1, you lose weight To cure obesity, EAT LESS and EXERCISE MORE. Nutrient/Toxin Sweet Carbohydrates Salty Minerals Umami/Amino Acid Protein Bitter Toxins, Alkaloids Sour Spoiled/Rancid Food ? Fat Thrifty Gene Hypothesis: Natural selection favored the survival of those individuals who could store as many calories as possible, then burn them as slowly as possible. THE RESEARCH >> Pathway to Success: From the lab bench to treatment gene molecule protein cell tissue/organ behavior treatment The Promise of Nanoparticles What Can We Learn from Rats? Nanoparticles are made up of the same lipid molecules that are found in the cells of the body. These nanoparticles are fabricated in a laboratory and once inside the body, can be directed toward specific cells involved in appetite control. Once inside the cell, a person will be satisfied with eating smaller amounts of food during a meal.
