* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Completed Note
Survey
Document related concepts
Butyric acid wikipedia , lookup
Deoxyribozyme wikipedia , lookup
Genetic code wikipedia , lookup
Peptide synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Basal metabolic rate wikipedia , lookup
Artificial gene synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Citric acid cycle wikipedia , lookup
Blood sugar level wikipedia , lookup
Amino acid synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Phosphorylation wikipedia , lookup
Nucleic acid analogue wikipedia , lookup
Proteolysis wikipedia , lookup
Glyceroneogenesis wikipedia , lookup
Biosynthesis wikipedia , lookup
Fatty acid synthesis wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Macromolecules Carbohydrates Monosaccharides Energy source Glucose, ribose, fructose. Disaccharide/Oligosaccharides Energy source Maltose, sucrose, lactose. Polysaccharides Energy storage, structural support, cell-to-cell communication Starch, glycogen, cellulose, chitin. Structures & Functions Monomer Name(s) Lipids Triglycerides Energy storage & insulation Glycerol + 3 fatty acids Saturated (only single bonds) & unsaturated (≥1 double bond) Phospholipids Form cell membrane Glycerol, 2 fatty acids + phosphate group Amphipathic Steroids Hormone signaling, cell response, growth 4 carbon rings with functional group Waxes Water resistance & protection Long fatty acid chain linked to alcohol or carbon rings * Not a true monomer… Fatty acid chains Glucose, ribose, fructose Monomer Diagram(s) Fatty acid α – glucose β- glucose * Not a true polymer… Triglyceride Polymer(s) Name of Bond Glycosidic linkage (α and β) (glucose + glucose maltose) Dehydration (Condensation) Synthesis Ester linkage Phospholipid Macromolecules Proteins Nucleic Acids Structures & Functions Monomer Name(s) Structural support Transport substances Cell signaling Movement Coordination & regulation Enzymes Amino acids DNA Store & transmit genetic material Direct synthesis of new proteins & organic molecules RNA Translates DNA into functional proteins Several types (mRNA, tRNA, rRNA…) ATP Stores potential energy in its phosphate bonds Releases energy when converted to ADP Nucleotide Monomer Diagram(s) Polymer(s) *Not a true polymer Name of Bond Dehydration (Condensation) Synthesis Peptide bond Phosphodieser bond