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Tata
ISES
Internship
Scheme
Tata
Capital
Pilot
Project
at
the
Bangalore
office
to
reduce
its
electricity
consump<on
and
carbon
footprint.
Structure
1.  Climate
Change
and
India
2.  The
Bangalore
Office
3.  Further
Sugges<ons
4.  India
Experience
1.
Climate
Change
&
India
India’s
Physical
Proneness
to
Climate
Change
•  High
dependency
on
Himalayan
glaciers
and
monsoon
paJerns
for
water
supply
•  Large
popula<on
in
coastal
areas
•  60%
of
India
is
already
prone
to
droughts
Source:
Stern
et
al.,
2012
India’s
socio‐economic
vulnerability
•  70%
of
rural
Indian
popula<on
is
living
from
agriculture
(World
Bank,
2011).
•  75%
of
Indian
popula<on
is
living
on
less
than
$2
a
day
(Stern
et
al.,
2012).
•  With
30
years
of
rising
temperatures,
poverty
in
India
will
be
3‐4
percentage
points
higher
(approx.
50
million
people)
(World
Bank,
2011).
•  Climate
Change
will
primarily
affect
the
urban
poor
due
to
higher
cereal
prices;
impact
on
rural
poor
is
difficult
to
determine.
(World
Bank,
2011).
Why
Mi<ga<on
is
beJer
than
Adapta<on.
•  The
Stern
Review
on
The
Economics
of
Climate
Change
(2006):
–  Loss
from
climate
change
under
a
BAU
emission‐
scenario:
5‐20%
of
global
GDP
each
year
–  Costs
to
mi<gate
climate
change:
1%
of
global
GDP
per
year
st
1 Conclusion
on
Climate
Change
•  Climate
Change
mi<ga<on
and
development
should
not
be
seen
as
opposing
principles.
•  Poverty
allevia<on
and
climate
change
management
need
to
be
addressed
simultaneously.
–  “Failure
on
one
implies
failure
on
the
other
[challenge]”
(Stern
et
al.,2012).
•  Decentralized
power‐generaCon
is
an
opportunity
for
India
to
develop
a
reliable
power
source
and
gain
independence
from
the
grid.
Why
should
the
Tata
Group
invest
in
Climate
Change
mi<ga<on?
•  Development
and
poverty
alleviaCon
lies
in
the
interest
of
the
Tata
Group
to
expand
its
opera<ons
to
the
75%
living
on
below
$2
a
day.
•  Climate
Change
exacerbates
the
risk
of
geophysical
hazards
(floods,
extreme
weather
paJerns),
which
makes
risk
calcula<ons
more
difficult
(Munich
Re.).
2)
Pilot
Project:
The
Bangalore
Office
a. 
b. 
c. 
d. 
Solar
energy
LED
ligh<ng
Air‐condi<oning
Smart
Computer
Soeware
(InfraSecure)
a)
Solar
Energy
SELCO
Orb
Energy
Tata
BP
Solar
Bangalore
Office
–
Roof
Space
Available roof area: approx. 100 sq mts
SELCO
•  Hardly
any
experience
with
PV
installa<ons
of
10
KW
size
•  Break‐even
from
similar
installa<on
for
KREDL:
15
years
•  Cost:
Rs.
18
lakhs
Orb
Energy
•  10
KW
PV
modules
including
baHery
bank
designed
for
1
day
back
up
•  Net
price
(including
VAT
and
subsidy)
=
Rs
1,736,500
•  Installa<on
<me:
8
weeks
•  1
year
total
system
warranty
against
manufacturing
defects
•  1
year
free
aeer‐sales
service
(incl.
2
free
visits
in
1st
year)
Tata BP Solar
Performance
warranty
for
solar
modules:
25
years
Workmanship
warranty:
5
years
for
the
complete
system
Break‐even
with
Solar:
approx.
4
years
b)
LED
ligh<ng
Anu
Solar
Urja
Solu<ons
Anu
Solar
- Tube lights and CFL lights need to be replaced every 5000 hrs.
- Cost of replacement also need to be added
- LED lasts 50,000hrs. (14 yrs if used 10hrs/day)
Break-even with LED: approx. 3 years
Urja
Solu<ons
c)
Air‐condi<oning
Aircosaver
(Urja
Solu<ons)
Aircosaver
•  AC
accounts
is
the
largest
energy
consumer
in
commercial
installa<ons.
•  Aircosaver
provides
15‐20%
savings
from
AC
energy
consump<on.
•  Upfront
cost:
Rs.
10150
(including
installa<on)/AC
unit
•  According
to
Urja
Solu<ons
it
does
not
affect
guarantee/
warrantee
of
the
exis<ng
AC
unit
(needs
to
be
verified
with
Blue
Star).
d)
Infra
Secure
Computer
Soeware
Trial
Report
is
to
be
released
Infra
Secure
•  See
Beyond
Technology
states:
–  Break‐even:
approx.
6
months
–  Investment
of
Rs.
77000
for
55
computers
in
Bangalore
office
–  Trial
Report
from
Thane
office
will
scru<nize
whether
promised
savings
and
ROI
apply
for
Thane
office.
–  Possible
savings
depend
on
employee
behaviour
3)
Further
Sugges<ons
e) 
f) 
g) 
h) 
Roof‐gardening
Wind
Farm
Video‐conferencing
Offseong
of
emissions
e)
Roof/Wall
Gardening
for
other
Tata
Capital
offices
•  Alexandri
and
Jones
(2006)
have
shown
for
Mumbai:
–  Roof
and
wall
gardening
combined
can
lead
to
72%
reducCon
in
the
cooling
load,
which
reduces
cooling
energy
demand
from
11h
to
6h
per
day
–  Since
AC
is
very
energy
intensive
green
walls/roofs
can
reduce
energy
consump<on
significantly
–  Not
applicable
for
the
Bangalore
office
since
the
office
is
not
on
top
floor
and
surrounded
by
high‐rise
buildings
Roof/Wall
Gardening
–
ELT
India
•  ‘Green
Curtains’
could
be
installed
as
a
trial
project
in
the
mee<ng
rooms
and/or
entrance
area
•  Specially
selected
plants,
which
improve
indoor
air
quality
•  Cost:
Rs.
18000
/
Rs.27000
(conference
room
/
entrance
area)
f)
Purchase
of
wind
farm
/
Carbon
neutrality
•  4.5
MW
would
be
required
to
be
carbon
neutral
in
2015
•  Cost
of
wind
park:
Rs.
27
crores
•  Aeer
December
2012:
insecurity
on
interna<onal
protocols
and
carbon
market
•  Tata
Capital
eligible
for
VER
(Voluntary
Emission
Reduc<ons)
g)
Video‐Conferencing
•  Physical
presence
for
mee<ngs
oeen
required
from
employees
•  Qualita<ve
analysis
of
conversa<ons
with
employees
has
revealed:
–  Travelling
for
mee<ngs
is
oeen
considered
as
stressful
–  Working
Cme
lost
while
employees
travel
 Mindset
change
towards
video
conferencing
could
increase
effec<ve
working
<me
and
reduce
employees
carbon
footprint
 Mindset
change
would
need
to
be
implemented
as
a
‘Top‐down‐
approach’
h)
Offseong
of
Carbon
Emissions
•  Intermediary
soluCon
(Weak
Sustainability)
(Neumayer,
2012)
•  current
carbon
emissions:
2439
metric
tonnes
of
CO2e
•  Number
of
trees
needed:
122,000
every
40
years
(each
tree
captures
20kg
CO2
per
year)
•  Costs
(Grow
Trees):
Rs.
6,099,815
Further
Sugges<ons
•  Encourage
fuel‐efficient
choice
of
company
cars.
•  Employee
carbon
emissions
could
be
communicated
on
salary
statement
to
increase
employee
awareness.
•  Rainwater
HarvesCng
should
be
installed
in
all
offices.
•  Dry
and
wet‐waste
separaCon
in
offices.
References
• 
Alexandri,
E
and
Jones,
P.,
2006:
Temperature
Decreases
in
an
Urban
Canyon
due
to
Green
Walls
and
Green
Roofs
in
Diverse
Climates,
Building
and
Environment,
43
(2008),
480‐493
• 
Neumayer,
E.,
2012:
Weak
versus
Strong
Sustainability:
Exploring
the
Limits
of
Two
Opposing
Paradigms,
Third
Revised
Edi<on,
Cheltenham
and
Northampton:
Edward
Elgar
• 
Stern,
N.
KaJumuri,
R.
James,
R,
2012:
Low‐carbon
Growth
and
Development.
In:
Basau,
K,
and
Maertens,
A.
(eds.):
The
New
Oxford
Companion
to
Economics
in
India.
Oxford
University
Press
• 
Stern,
N.
2006:
Stern
Review
on
The
Economics
of
Climate
Change.
HM
Treasury,
London
• 
The
World
Bank,
2011:
DistribuRonal
ImplicaRons
of
Climate
Change
in
India,
Poverty
Reduc<on
and
Equity
Unit,
Policy
Research
Working
Paper
5623