Download Brain Imaging

Brain & Nervous System Analysis
& Imaging
Phineas Gage
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
-- Electrodes attach to skin
-- Amplifies & measures electrical potential
across billions of neurons
-- Can be used to analyze brain wave
patterns associated with certain
activities or stimuli
-- Only provides an external measure of
brain activity, without specific locus
EEG – Waking
& Sleeping
Stereotaxic Instrument
-- Used for precise placement of electric leads,
surgical instruments
-- Can be used for electrical stimulation, lesioning
studies
Computerized Tomography (CT) Scans
-- Computer-enhanced X-ray
-- Inexpensive
-- Only analysis of structure, not function
-- Poor at soft-tissue imaging
Normal CT Scan
CT Scan -Tumor
CT Scan –
Alzheimer’s
Patient, showing
enlarged lateral
ventricles
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) &
Single Photon Emission Computed
Tomography (SPECT)
-- Uses radioactively tagged sugars to
measure energy use; or tagged
neurotransmitters, oxygen to view
activity etc.
-- Shows activity in the brain
-- Color-coded
-- Spatial resolution much lower than MRI
Positron
Emission
Tomography
(PET)/Single
Photon Emission
Computed
Tomography
(SPECT)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
-- Utilizes magnetic fields, radiofrequency
waves, & computer enhancement
-- Very precise resolution
-- Very expensive
-- Can generate 3D topographic images
Normal MRI Images - Axial
MRI – Normal
Sagittal view
MRI – Normal
Coronal view
MRI-Axial View
Tumor
MRI – Axial
Stroke
MRI – Axial
Stroke
Multi-spectral
3D MRI –
Cystic Brain
Lesion
fMRI
fMRI –
Speech
3D fMRI
Magneto
Encephalography:
Real-Time Analysis of
changes in brain function