Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Zero-configuration networking wikipedia , lookup
Cracking of wireless networks wikipedia , lookup
Video on demand wikipedia , lookup
Wireless security wikipedia , lookup
Technological convergence wikipedia , lookup
Piggybacking (Internet access) wikipedia , lookup
Citizen Lab wikipedia , lookup
Proposed Collaboration on Access Grid / Ubiquitous Computing JongWon Kim and Juwon Park The Temporary Genkai-Hyeonhae Meeting Feb. 27th, 2003 Networked Media Laboratory Dept. of Information & Communications Kwang-Ju Institute of Science & Technology (K-JIST) [email protected] NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST http://netmedia.kjist.ac.kr Contents Collaboration on Access Grid Collaboration on Ubiquitous Computing NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Collaboration on Access Grid NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Access Grid Access GRID oSupport group-to-group interaction across the Grid Components of an AG Node RGB Video Digital Video NETWORK Display Computer Digital Video Video Capture Computer Audio Capture Computer NTSC Video Analog Audio Digital Audio Mixer Control Computer Echo Canceller NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Usage Areas The Academic and Research, Government, Private Sectors Making Remote Collaborations Work across Boundaries Check “Multi-Sector Collaboration over the Access Grid” by J. T. von Hoffman (Boston Univ)” NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Collaboration Issue for H-G Joint Projects Access Grid (#4) Status 2 Contact: Koji Okamura (Kyushu Univ.) JongWon Kim (K-JIST) Participants Kyushu Nat`l Univ, AIST KISTI, K-JIST, Chonnam U, HYU Description (to be revised) The Access Grid, as a communication channel for users from remote sites, can give researchers and scientists in both Korea and Japan a seamless and immersive collaboration environment. With this project, we want to explore the potential of Access Grid in supporting collaborative research between two countries. To realize it, we will collaborate to research ways to build low-cost Access Grid system (e.g. mini-AG or PIG) and to promote its deployment. Also, we will conduct a joint research to improve current AG systems to better support enhanced video/audio quality, interaction, security, and inter-operablity. Expected Results (to be revised) - Provide a seamless colloaboration channel for researchers and scientists. - Promote the adoption of multicast technology over H-G link. Required bandwidth - Dependent on the number of site, camera per site, video rates (normally full access node requires bandwidth around 1.5Mbps) - Multicast support NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Relation with AG and other projects NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST N*Grid Project lead by KISTI GGF Grid APAN APGrid Euro APGrid ANL/NCSA APEC APGrid Grid Tech-center National Grid Infra N*Grid KISTI(2002~2006) Grid Standard N Supercmpt Grid N Clusters Grid N Appls. Grid Access Grid VR Grid NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST GNOC Grid Middleware Research N BT Grid N NT Grid N CT Grid Security Resource Mngt. Data Mngt. N ET Grid N IT Grid N ST Grid Inf. Service GFK KISTI AG First AG in Korea (2002) Int. AG Community KISTI’s Access Grid Node Digital Video RGB Video Display Computer Network enabled IP multicast Shared App. Control NTSC Video Digital Video Video Capture Computer Analog Audio Digital Audio Mixer Audio Capture Computer RS232 Serial Control Computer Echo Canceller NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST K-JIST Mini AG Personal Interface to Access Grid (PIG) (Oct. 2002) With AG 1.2 release (note that PIG software is still very delicate) KIST AG Node @ KISTI 1st PIG Node In KOREA KISTI 1st AG Node in KOREA K-JIST PIG @ K-JIST KIST-KISTI-K-JIST AG demo (2002.10.30) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Towards Enhanced Access Grid: e-AG An experimental, on-going trial to enhance the functionalities of Access Grid by augmenting improved support for immersive 3D Display, Human Computer Interaction, and Networking. With e-AG, we hope support o All functionalities of Access Grid o Stereo video delivery and display o Collaborative use of 3D computer graphics. Enhanced Part Stereo Camera Input Device Computer silver screen 3D Display Computer Network Access Grid NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST 2D Video Capture Computer Audio Capture Computer Control Computer Echo Immersiveness Enhancement for Access Grid via Stereo Video Delivery For providing the immersiveness, we include the stereo video delivery functionality to EAG Developing 3D video delivery module enables the reliable and real-time The developed system supports o Reliable networking of real-time media with reliable transport via ARQ, FEC, and their hybrid o Versatile display of stereo video in Left, Interlaced, Left & Right, and Above & Below views. NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Immersiveness Enhancement for Access Grid via Computer Graphics For the graphics side of 3D, EAG is being enhanced by supporting CG-based sharing in various communication architectures. Combination of push repository in server memory and file repository method is implemented to support multi-user collaborative environment. UIC EVL’s QUANTA is adopted as a baseline networking and data management module VR software tools such as CAVELib or VR Juggler are also selected and utilized to build immersive 3D display. Server Shared Memory CMD, ID, Coord. Client A (VR Juggler) 3D Display Input Networking (Shared Memory Client) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST CMD, ID, Coord. Client B (VR Juggler) 3D Display Input Networking (Shared Memory Client) Network CMD, ID, Coord. Client C (CAVELib) 3D Display Input Networking (Shared Memory Client) Collaboration Issue for H-G Joint Projects On-line Joint Technical Conference on Access Grid Joint Project (Long-term) o Joint participation in AG 2.0 and beyond Research Network in Korea Korean Partner Carrier KJCN Japanese Partner Carriers Fukuoka Gigabit Highway GENKAI Project QGPOP part Shimonoseki KIST Korea KJIST KISTI Busan Gwangju Repeaterles s KJCN To Tokyo GENKAI/Hyeonhae Project Kitakyushu City High-speed LAN GbE 150Mbps APAN Internet2 Univ. of Fishery 250 km 2.4Gbps QGPOP (ISIT) Fukuok a Kurume FGH AP Submarine cable landing station NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. Network equipment (Routers etc.) DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Ohmuta Kitakyushu Nogata Iizuka Tagawa Japan Collaboration on Ubiquitous Computing - Seamless Mobile Service? NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST What’s UbiComp? What’s Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp)? Distributed Systems •Remote communication •Fault tolerance •High availability •Remote info access + Mobile Computing + Ubiquitous Computing •Smart space: context-aware •Invisible: smart agent •Localized scalability: physical distance-based •Uneven condition: heterogeneous infrastructure •Mobile networking: mobile IP, ad hoc protocol, etc. •Mobile information access: BW-adaptive, data consistency, etc. •Energy-aware systems: process scheduling, memory management, etc. •Location-sensitive systems: location sensing, location-based services, etc. NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Courtesy of K-JIST U-VR Lab UbiComp Challenges: ubiquitous Networking Infrastructure: ubi-networking o Beyond desktops/servers o Connected to networks Network Networked appliances Sensors Historical sites & other locations Mobile Embedded Location Interactive Sensor Flight Simulator Wearable NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Active badge Collaboration Issue for H-G Joint Projects Ubiquitous (Wireline/wireless) Computing (#18) Status 2 Contact: Morioka ([email protected]) JW Kim ([email protected]) Participants ISIT KJIST Description We are planning to build a prototype version of ubiquitous environment utilizing Mobile IP and IEEE 802.11a/b (and other L2 media) connecting Fukuoka, JAPAN and Gwangju, KOREA. On top of the built ubiquitous environment we will explore example applications such as user tracking and IP mobile video streaming. Expected Result In our joint effort, instead of trying to build hot spots, we will focus on building real ubiquitous environement with mobility and security support. We hope to let people in both countries to better locate each other and communicate ubiquitously. Bandwidth Peak 100 Mbps / Average 10 Mbps NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Project Scope & Objective Mobile Media Delivery via Wireless Multicast and Network Adaptation Efficiency: Better Bandwidth Utilization Wireless Aware Media Application Wireless Network Adaptation Reliability: Better Quality NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Group Communication (1-to-N, M-to-N) Mobile IP / Wireless Multicast Reliable Multicast Advanced Streaming (Wireless + Multicast) Project Scope & Objective (Cont.) For Streaming Media Applications over Wired/Wireless Integrated Networks o Real-time streaming of stored contents only (but can include on-line streaming) to enable buffering (up to 3sec) o Maybe extended to conferencing (limited scope) at later phase of project Will address the challenges such as o Mobility: How to track user’s movement and sustain seamless streaming? o Multicasting: How to enable sharing of wireless channel efficiently? o End-to-end QoS: How to maintain the quality of media streaming over highly fluctuating wireless network? Anticipated Duration: 2002. 12 ~ 2006.12 (4 years) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Implementation Phase I (2003): One-to-one Streaming Environment o Mobile IPv4 o IEEE 802.11b o Server: Darwin or Helix Server o Client – Notebook o MPEG-2/4 streaming Media Server Objectives o Implement the streaming server/client that provides seamless streaming (i.e., no service disruption during handoff). FA FA Adaptive streaming client NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Implementation Phase II (2004): One-to-many Streaming Environment o o o o o Media Server Mobile IPv6 IEEE 802.11b or 802.11a Client Extension to PDA? MPEG-2/4 streaming Source Specific Multicast (SSM) Objectives o Implement the streaming server/client providing that provides seamless multicast streaming. Multicast FA Adaptive streaming client NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST FA Mobility Challenge: Mobile IP CN Smooth and Fast Handoff ? Forwarding buffer 7 6 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 FAold forwarding Bind 4 FAnew 2 Output buffer to FAnew Handoff NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST 3 Mobility Challenge: Handoff-aware Streaming Client Adaptive buffer control o To reduce the discontinuity of streaming o Increasing the buffer level of client before handoff Question o What is a proper buffer level? o What is a handoff duration? Handoff is initiated Handoff is initiated Buffer Level Buffer Level No playback time Handoff is completed < No buffer level control > NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST time Handoff is completed < Buffer level control > Mobility Challenge: Handoff-aware Streaming Client (Cont.) Estimation of handoff duration by adopting K-JIST’s Transient Time Analysis o o o o Collecting parameters Source traffic rate Handoff load Background traffic load Beacon time period (router advertisement) Calculating HTP Estimating Buffer Level Bc: Current Buffer Level Bt: Target Buffer Level Buffer level control o Using the handoff duration (HTP) to calculate the proper buffer level. o Minimizing the buffer level o Providing no media discontinuity No service disruption during handoff NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Bc<Bt Increase Buffer Decrease Buffer K-JIST Transient Time Analysis: How long time does Handoff take? Source Traffic Turning Point Handoff Transient Time Handoff Initialization Case 1 Old stream New stream New stream Old stream STP HTP to tn tf Case 2 STP UTP HTP Case 3 Old Router New Router UTP=Unstable Time Period UTP STP HTP STP=Silence Time Period HTP=Handoff Time Period HTP may be a good reference to the buffer level. NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST K-JIST Transient Time Analysis: Handoff Period Time (HTP) Timing Analysis UTP = max(0,Tlast_of_old- Tfirst_of_new) = max(0, (to - tn) + qo + tf) STP = min (Tfirst_of_old, Tfirst_of_new) HTP = UTP +STP + |Tfirst_of_new – Tfirst_of_old| Queueing Model qo (a) Before handoff (b) After handoff NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST K-JIST Transient Time Analysis: Analysis Result 0.40 1.0 Priority: tco= tcn=50ms FIFO: tco= tcn=100ms Priority: tco= tcn=100ms FIFO: tco= tcn=150ms Priority: tco= tcn=150ms FIFO: tco= tcn=200ms Priority: tco= tcn=200ms FIFO: Ton=1ms, BP=300 FIFO: Ton=10ms, BP=300 0.38 FIFO: Ton=1ms, BP=500 HTP(Second) HTP (Second) 0.8 FIFO: tco= tcn=50ms 0.6 FIFO: Ton=10ms, BP=500 Priority: Ton=1ms 0.36 Priority: Ton=10ms 0.34 0.4 0.32 0.2 0.30 0 200 400 600 800 0 1000 FIFO: tco=tcn=50ms 20 25 30 FIFO: tco= tcn=50ms 3.5 Required Buffer Size for WLM Priority: tco=tcn=50ms FIFO: tco=tcn=100ms HTP(Second) 15 4.0 1.3 0.9 10 Handoff Rate (the number of handoffs per second) Background packet arrival rate (BP) 1.1 5 Priority: tco=tcn=100ms FIFO: tco=tcn=200ms Priority: tco=tcn=200ms 0.7 0.5 0.3 FIFO: tco= tcn=100ms FIFO: tco= tcn=150ms 3.0 FIFO: tco= tcn=200ms Priority: tco= tcn=200ms 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 tbeacon(Second) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST 0.4 0.5 0.6 100 300 500 700 Background Traffic (BP) 900 35 Seamless Streaming Aid by Adaptive Playout? Merits of Client Adaptation Role of Clients for Adaptive Playback •Can prevent excessive buffer overflow and underflow •Can reduce discontinuous playback time •Can maintain small buffer size. Playback Speed MAW p MIN cy ps NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Bu f Buffer level fe rO cc up an p Tim e(s) Seamless Streaming : Network Adaptation Robust/Scalable Media for Wireless Media Delivery and Associated Network Adaptation Layered Video Encoding Network Adaptation R-D / Corruption R-D Model Video preprocessing Frame Complexity Analysis Layered Encoding Quality Control NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Layered RPI Delivery Source Rate/ Error Resilience Inform Bandwidth & App. feedback With Network Adaptation (Rate, Delay, Loss) Network Monitoring & Feedback Handling Receiver Wireless Network Video packet Stream Receiver adaptation Network Feedback End-to-End Feedback Application Feedback End-to-end QoS Challenge: Wireless LAN Relative Differentiated Services and the Proportional Differentiation Model for IEEE 802.11x WLAN o Service Differentiation : Upstream Different IFS (Inter Frame Space) Different Back-off Time Different Frame Size o Service Differentiation : Downstream Scheduler in Access Point qi c i qj cj q1 Scheduler q2 Classifier q3 AP – qi : Performance measure for class I – c1 < c2 <….< cN : Quality differentiation parameter Proportional Delay Differentiation Model Proportional Loss Differentiation Model NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Collaboration Issue for H-G Joint Projects With H. Morioka@ISIT, Fukuoka, Japan How to combine ISIT’s Fast and Secure Handoff Idea ? (Shortterm) o With implementation: Deploy ISIT’s handoff at K-JIST and test its performance for seamless streaming o MISP (mobile Internet Service Protocol) for Authentication, Address Assignment, and Encryption Access Point Access Point Communication Joint Project (Long-term) Scanning & Connection WLAN Interfaces Mobile Node ? o Build ubiquitous computing environment NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST ISIT: Handover with 2 Interfaces (1) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST ISIT: Handover with 2 Interfaces (2) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST ISIT: Handover with 2 Interfaces (3) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST ISIT: Fukuoka Mobile Broadband (FMBB) NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Thank You! NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Research Network in Korea Korean Partner Carrier KJCN Japanese Partner Carriers Fukuoka Gigabit Highway GENKAI Project QGPOP part KIST Korea KISTI Repeaterless KJCN KJIST Busan 250 km Gwangju To Tokyo GENKAI/Hyeonhae Project Shimonoseki Univ. of Fishery Kitakyushu City High-speed LAN GbE Kitakyushu 150Mbps 2.4Gbps Fukuoka APAN Internet2 QGPOP (ISIT) Japan Kurume FGH AP Submarine cable landing station NETWORKed MEDIA LAB. (Routers etc.) Network equipment DEPT. OF INFO. & COMM., K-JIST Nogata Iizuka Tagawa Ohmuta