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Transcript
The Contributions of Political Science, Psychology, and Sociology to Mass Communication Theory COM 226, Summer 2011 PPT #3 Includes chapters 4-7 of DeFleur textbook From political philosophy to political science Plato (c. 400 B.C.)--Opinion (doxa) vs. knowledge (episteme) ◦ Opinion as untrustworthy, transient ◦ How has this changed? Political Science: Some Basic Concepts (textbook) A Theory of Public Opinion as Shaped by the Press ◦ The press monitors the social/political environment through the surveillance function; selects issues for coverage GATEKEEPING, FRAMING ◦ The public selectively attends to and interprets the information ◦ Members of the public form individual opinions BRYCE’S THEORY OF PUBLIC OPINION ◦ Opinion Formation Opinion Crystallization Controversy/debate Changes in the political system ◦ These opinions are shared with others, and a consensus is reached (or more than one, by different segments…) SPIRAL OF SILENCE ◦ These public opinions, shared by segments of society, become widely known; these opinions can be ascertained by systematic public opinion polling (surveys) Political Science: Some Basic Concepts (textbook) Sensation and perception Learning and memory Cognitive Processing ◦ Selective Attention ◦ Selective Perception ◦ Selective Retention/Limitations on Memory Schemata and memory Psychology: Some Basic Concepts (textbook) From Gemeinschaft to Gesellschaft (Ferdinand Toennies): Gemeinschaft: Traditional Society Gesellschaft: Industrialized Society (“Business Company”) Shared informal rules for behavior Contracts A restricted division of labor with interdependency Division of labor, anonymity and anomie A social order based on trust Diversity and a loss of trust Limited need for media Decline of interpersonal communication; increased dependence on mass media Sociology: Some Basic Concepts (textbook) Political Science Psychology Sociology Communication (Science) For each, where is the focus? What are the concerns? OVERALL—a Comparison of Disciplines Political Science—Formal organizations Psychology—The individual ◦ Social psychology—The individual and his/her relations with others Sociology—Social groupings Communication (Science)—Messages, their origins and their effects For each, where is the focus? What are the concerns? OVERALL—a Comparison of Disciplines