Download Слайд 1 - My English

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Вчитель англійської мови
Дмитренко Ірина Іванівна
What makes the English - English
The English peoples have a wonderful heritage and although they may not outwardly
show the patriotism of their American cousins, there is an underlying pride in this
little island, of the monarchy, the beautiful countryside, our historic buildings and
national sports. So what is it that make the English so… English?
It is thought that the first settlers arrived here around 250,000BC. The remains of a
woman were found at Swanscombe in Kent dating from around that time, but the
road that forged England as we see it today has been a turbulent one that started
when the land bridge, which connected England with France and the rest of Europe,
disappeared.
During the Bronze Age, there were already organised societies. Thousands of
people were employed on an amazing feat of engineering to build Stonehenge,
on Salisbury Plain. The stones were first cut in South Wales, carried by river
and sea, and dragged overland to their final resting-place.
The Celts, who were fond of war, arrived in about 600BC and later would trade with
Europeans from Carthage and Greece. They wanted tin, gold and iron in exchange for
fine cloth and wine. The Celtic women were highly respected and some became
chieftains.
The Celts
In 55 BC, Julius Caesar led the first Roman army of about 10,000 soldiers to see
how strong these Celts, or British, really were, but it wasn’t until 43 AD that the
Roman General Aulus Plautius arrived in Kent. He was determined to colonise
Britain and, with the exception of parts of Wales, Scotland and Cornwall had,
within a few years, achieved his goal, but at a heavy price.
Julius Caesar
The Romans
In 60 AD the Romans were almost driven out of England by the elected Queen of the
Iceni tribe in what is now Norfolk. Boudicca led a revolt against Rome and burnt
down London, Colchester and St. Albans. When finally defeated, she killed herself.
Boudica Queen of the Iceni
After 400 AD, when these shores were
undefended, came the invasion of the
Anglo-Saxons, Jutes and others. The
Saxons spoke different languages and
it’s from this mix that the English
language evolved. About 400 years later
the Vikings arrived and, almost eighty
years later, were defeated at the battle of
Ethandun by Alfred the Great (871901AD). The country was split between
Wessex and Danelaw, but later Danelaw
(part of the Midlands, South and SW
England) were recaptured until the time
of Ethelred who wasn’t prepared for
further Danish raids.
Put this together with the Norman Invasion (1066 and all that), the Middle
Ages, the wars of the White Rose of York and the Red Rose of Lancaster, the
time of the Tudors, Cromwell, Victoria and the expansion of an Empire plus
two World Wars and the blitz, this is what makes the English.
Forged in the furnace of time. This is England.
The House of York used a white rose.
The Norman Conquest
The Wars of the Roses
The House of Lancaster used a red rose.
Список джерел:
1. http://www.dashinvaine.co.uk/Boudica%20boudicca%20image.jpg
2. http://www.murphsplace.com/owen/arthur/images2/osprey4.jpg
3. http://www.richardiii.net/images/Battle%20of%20Bosworth.jpg