Download Biodiversity Power Point Notes

Biodiversity
Mrs. Zazzali
Room 205
What is an organism?
• Any living thing that reproduces, grows, and
adapts to its surroundings. Ex. Animals,
Plants, Fungus, Protists, and Bacteria.
What is a habitat?
• Place where an organism lives depending on the
organism ex. Monkey lives in the jungle
• Where a species finds food
• Natural home or shelter of an animal
• Lives according to their needs
• Adapts and responds to environment
• And carries out life processes!
What should I know about
Taxonomy?
• Taxonomy-the science of naming and classifying organisms
(Thank you Linnaeus!)
• All Taxonomic Categories go from the most broad category to
the most specific and include:
Taxonomic Category
Mnemonic/trick to help you
remember
Kingdom
King
Phylum
Phillip
Class
Came
Order
Over
Family
For
Genus
Great
species
Spaghetti
The Scientific Name-Avoid the
confusion!
• Scientists refer to organisms with their
Scientific Names to avoid confusion, a
universal language. Remember all the
confusion when I asked you to find the
difference between a cougar, puma and
mountain lion. You know now that they are
really the same organism or animal known
Scientifically as Puma concolar!
Scientific Name cont.
• Scientific Name is made of the Genus and
species name. The first letter in the Genus is
always spelled with an upper case letter and
the species first letter is always lower case.
The species is the most specific taxonomic
category.
• Examples:
Genus
species
Homo
sapien
Canis
familiaris
Panthera
leo
Lesson 2
• Compound Light Microscope- Uses 2 lenses and light
to make a specimen visible. *Look over your
Microscope worksheet, know the parts*
• Dry-Mount Slide- A microscope slide on which no
water is used. (Our WOWBug slides)
WOWBug and insect parts
• Head- 1st body segment in insects (contain
eyes, antennae and mandibles or jaw)
• Thorax- 2nd body segment in insects, between
the head and abdomen
• Abdomen- A segment of the body of many
animals, the third body segment in insects
WOWBug
Microscope Views of SpecimenBonus/Challenge words
• Lateral- side view of a specimen
• Ventral- abdominal view of a specimen
• Dorsal- back view of a specimen
Lesson 3 – Investigating Lumbriculus
variegatus or the Blackworm
• What did you learn?
• Blackworms can regenerate both head and tail to
break free from predators.
• Lives in Ponds, Marshes and Lakes in N. America, and
Europe.
• Contain male and female sex organs.
• Tail end used for sensing.
• Can have 150—250 segments.
• Under a microscope, you can monitor their pulse in
bpm’s.
Key Vocabulary
• Anterior – toward the front, or head, of an
animal body.
• Posterior – toward the back end of an animal.
• Regeneration – process by which organisms
produce new body parts.
Lesson 4 Vocabulary
• Ecosystem- A community of organisms
interacting with their abiotic environment.
• Macroorganism- An organism that can be seen
with out magnification, usually greater than 2
mm.
• Microorganism- An organism that can not be
seen with out magnification.
• Habitat- A place where an organism naturally
lives.
Lesson 5 Vocabulary
• Cell – The basic unit of life
• Organelle – a well-defined structure found in a
cell
Animal Cell Key Parts to know
• Cell Membrane – outer boundary that protects and allows
materials to move in and out
• Nucleus – The boss or CEO of the cell, the control center
• Mitochondria – Mighty Mitochondria is the powerhouse or
energy in the cell
• Ribosomes – Make Protein
• Endoplasmic Reticulum – The super highway or folded
membrane where you find the ribosomes
• Cytoplasm – Gel-like substance that houses the organelles
Plant Cell Key differences
• Cell Wall – extra rigid layer of protection made
of cellulose
• Chloroplast/chlorophyll- gives pigment to the
plant and helps trap energy from the sun in
Photosynthesis
• Vacuole- much larger in plants, the storage
center
• Visit www.cellsalive.com for some practice!
Lesson 6 – Protists and other
Microorganisms
• Kingdom Protista- one or many celled and
Eukaryotic
• Eukaryotic- Contain a nucleus and other
membrane bound organelles, 4 Kingdoms of
Life are Eukaryotic including: Protists, Fungi,
Plants and Animals
• Prokaryotic- Contains no nucleus or
membrane bound organelles, 2 Kingdoms are
Prokaryotic including: Eubacteria and
Archaeabacteria
Bacteria- Single celled and
Prokaryotic
• Good- Help your digestive and immune system,
probiotics, give plants nutrients, help make medicine
like antibiotics ***Mostly good only sometimes bad
• Bad- cause disease or illness like Streptococcus or
Salmonella
• Two Kingdoms of Bacteria include Archaebacteria
and Eubacteria
Lesson 7
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Vertebrate- Animal with a backbone
Invertebrate- Animal with out a backbone
Classes of Vertebrates:
Mammalia-warm-blooded animals with hair/fur and can
nurse their young
Aves- warm-blooded with feathers/hollow bones
Reptilia- cold-blooded w/scales & lay eggs on land
Pisces- cold blooded, live in water, divided into jawless,
cartilage and bony fish
Amphibia- cold-blooded part of life in water and land, breathe
through gills when young and lungs as adults, lay eggs in
water
Lesson 9 - Daphnia
All about Daphnia- otherwise known as The
Transparent Water Flea (pp 132-133)
• Jointed Limbed Arthropod
• Crustacean
• Transparent Exoskeleton make them easy to
study
• Live in Freshwater
• Important Food source for many organisms
like Fish, important link in the food chain
Lesson 10 – The Hydra
• Hydra belong to the phylum Cnidaria, also
called Cnidarians because they can sting
• Freshwater organism
• Tube like body with Tentacles
• Tentacles draw up food
• Asexual Reproduction known as budding, a
new organism is produced from the body of
another
Lessons 11 & 12
• What do you know about the Fungi Kingdom?
• Eukaryotic
• Single or Multi-celled
• Yeast are Single-celled
• Reproduce Asexually and Sexually
• Feed on other organisms
• Decomposers
Fungi Parts: Umbrella-shaped Cap (Reproductive structures),
Mycelium, Hyphae that absorb and digest food, Sporangia (give
color), Spores (Travel through the air)
Vocabulary
• Decomposers- an organism like bacteria or
fungi, that breaks down dead plants and
animals into simpler substances
• Fermentation- when yeast feed on dough,
they reproduce and excrete or produce
Carbon dioxide and alcohol.
• Respiration- The yeast then eat the alcohol
and use Oxygen to turn its energy into fuel for
growth and reproduction.