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Transcript
The Union in Peril Chapter 10 AL COS 13. Summarize major legislation and court decisions from 1800 to 1861 that led to increasing sectionalism, including the Missouri Compromise of 1820, the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive Slave Acts, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott decision. [A.1.a., A.1.c., A.1.e., A.1.f., A.1.g., A.1.i., A.1.j.] Describing Alabama’s role in the developing sectionalism of the United States from 1819 to 1861, including participation in slavery, secession, the Indian War, and reliance on cotton Analyzing the Westward Expansion from 1803 to 1861 to determine its effect on sectionalism, including the Louisiana Purchase, Texas Annexation, and the Mexican Cession Describing tariff debates and the nullification crisis between 1800 and 1861 Analyzing the formation of the Republican Party for its impact on the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States Ch 10 Vocab – Sect. 1 Wilmot Proviso, Secession, Compromise of 1850, popular sovereignty, Stephen A. Douglas, Millard Fillmore Sect. 2 Fugitive Slave Act, Personal Liberty Laws, Underground Railroad, Harriet Tubman, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Kansas-Nebraska Act, Bleeding Kansas, John Brown Sect. 3 Franklin Pierce, Nativism, Know- Nothing Party, Free- Soil Party, Republican Party, Horace Greely, John C. Freemont, James Buchanan Sect. 4 Dredd Scott, Roger B. Taney, Abraham Lincoln, Freeport Doctrine, Harpers Ferry, Confederacy, Jefferson Davis Day 1 What famous (and brief) speech of November 19, 1863, began, “Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth. . .”? Who made the speech In Class Schedule Western Territory and slavery Wilmot Proviso Plan to outlaw slavery in territory gained from Mexico (proposed by David Wilmot from PA) Southerners thought the plan would threaten slavery everywhere, and thus their way of life, culture, and economy Popular sovereignty The idea that allowed people in the territory to decided for themselves whether they wanted to be a slave state or free state Free soil party Opposed slavery in the free soil of the western territory. Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men California Forty-niners Refers to the mass of people (80,000) who moved to California in search of Gold Chaos and violence convinced people of California that they needed strong govt. led to them applying for statehood Southern states threatened to seceded from the union if California was admitted Compromise of 1850 Terms California admitted as a free state Popular sovereignty to determine slavery in Arizona and New Mexico Slave Trade abolished in D.C. New fugitive slave law Fugitive Slave Law Fugitive Slave Act Runaway slaves had to be returned to owner Citizens had to assist in the capture of runaway slaves Anyone convicted in helping slaves would be fined $1000 and serve 6 mo. in jail for every slave they helped escape. Response to Compromise Northerners response They resented it. Made most northerners sympathize even more with slaves It really didn’t solve anything or change either sides perspecitive H.B. Stowe and UTC Uncle Tom’s Cabin Popular book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852. Stowe and her family were outspoken abolitionists Stirred up strong antislavery emotions among readers. Abe Lincoln one time introduced her as the little lady who started the Civil War. Day 2 U.S. Trivia Where was the first Confederate Capital? In Class Schedule The Underground Railroad A network of people and places that aided in the escaping of southern slaves Harriet Tubman Was one of the leaders of the Underground railroad Nicknamed Black Moses Day 3 What style of facial hair is named for a Union general in the Civil War? In Class Schedule Bleeding Kansas The Kansas-Nebraska Act May 1854 Undid the Missouri Comp. Stated that the issue of slavery would be decided by popular sovereignty in these territories. This was a violation of the Missouri Compromise Map of U.S. 1854 Violence in Kansas Both anti slavery and pro slavery factions raced out to these territories to sway the votes into their favor. Sack of Lawrence and The Pottawatomie massacre were conflicts between pro and anti slavery factions. These factions clashed and 200 people died and about 2 million dollars of property had been destroyed. Violence in Congress Charles Sumner, a senator from Mass, delivered a speech in which he insulted Andrew Butler (from SC) and Southern culture Butler’s cousin, Preston Brooks, beat Sumner with a golden cane, severely injuring the senator from Mass. The Dredd Scott Case Dredd Scott was a slave whose master had taken him to live in a free territory before returning back to Missouri. He took his case to the Supreme Court saying he was free since he lived in a free territory 1857 Dredd Scott Ruling Fed. Govt. cannot prohibit slavery in territories The Missouri Compromise was thus unconstitutional Also ruled that Former slaves could not be citizens therefore couldn’t use Day 4 ALCOS#13 Summarize major legislation and court decisions from 1800 to 1861 that led to increasing sectionalism Analyzing the formation of the Republican Party for its impact on the 1860 election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United DQ’s How did Lincoln rise to prominence to represent Republican party? What were the Lincoln Douglas Debates? Why were they significant? What parties were represented in the 1860 election? How did each view slavery? Why did the South secede? In Class Schedule Lincoln Douglas Debates Lincoln challenged Douglas to a debate b/c they were running against each other for an Illinois senate seat (job) Slavery took center stage in the debates Although he lost the race, Lincoln gained a lot of recognition Positions Lincoln objected to slavery on moral grounds Douglas supported Popular sovereignty Freeport doctrine Can a state exclude slavery before it became a state? Douglas proposed this plan during the debates, which said that people could keep slavery out of their territories by refusing to pass laws needed to regulate and enforce slavery. John Brown and Harpers Ferry John Brown led a rebellion against slaveholders in which he tried to arm slaves. He tried to steal the weapons from the Federal arsenal in Virginia (Harpers Ferry) The election of 1860 Republican Abraham Lincoln from Illinois wins the election of 1860 Southerners were split over who they wanted as Pres. (Douglas, Breckinridge, and Bell) Southern response to Lincoln’s election Feb. 1861 7 Deep south states secede from the Union. Why? B/c with the election of a Republican President, it seemed Southern society and culture were at stake. A lot of Republicans were abolitionists. Forming the Confederacy Each state independent Slavery guaranteed Banned protective tariffs Pres. To serve one 6 yr. Term Southern states met in Montgomery and formed the confederacy. SC, GA, AL, MS, LA, TX Jefferson Davis The fighting starts at Ft. Sumter Confederates decide to take a Federal fort which was located in Southern territory. Wasn’t much of a fight. No one actually died Did signal the beginning of the CIVIL WAR Lincoln response He responded by calling for 75,000 volunteers to put down the Southern rebellion militarily That led to more states seceding (VA, ARK,NC,TN) Day 5 In Class Schedule After Ft. Sumter Causes of the Civil War Causes Slavery States’ rights Events leading to Compromise of 1850 Kansas Nebraska Act Dredd Scott John Brown’s raid Southern states secede Conf. Takes Ft. Sumter Day 6 What president’s tomb in Arlington cemetery is marked with an eternal flame? In Class Schedule Day 7 Ask not what can my country do for me but rather what can I do for my country”- J.F.K In Class Schedule Homework