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The Union in Peril
Chapter 10
AL COS
 13. Summarize major legislation and court decisions from 1800 to
1861 that led to increasing sectionalism, including the Missouri
Compromise of 1820, the Compromise of 1850, the Fugitive
Slave Acts, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and the Dred Scott decision.
[A.1.a., A.1.c., A.1.e., A.1.f., A.1.g., A.1.i., A.1.j.]
 Describing Alabama’s role in the developing sectionalism of the United States from
1819 to 1861, including participation in slavery, secession, the Indian War, and
reliance on cotton
 Analyzing the Westward Expansion from 1803 to 1861 to determine its effect on
sectionalism, including the Louisiana Purchase, Texas Annexation, and the Mexican
Cession
 Describing tariff debates and the nullification crisis between 1800 and 1861
 Analyzing the formation of the Republican Party for its impact on the 1860 election
of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States
Ch 10 Vocab –
 Sect. 1
 Wilmot Proviso, Secession, Compromise of 1850, popular sovereignty,
Stephen A. Douglas, Millard Fillmore
 Sect. 2
 Fugitive Slave Act, Personal Liberty Laws, Underground Railroad, Harriet
Tubman, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Kansas-Nebraska Act,
Bleeding Kansas, John Brown
 Sect. 3
 Franklin Pierce, Nativism, Know- Nothing Party, Free- Soil Party,
Republican Party, Horace Greely, John C. Freemont, James Buchanan
 Sect. 4
 Dredd Scott, Roger B. Taney, Abraham Lincoln, Freeport Doctrine, Harpers
Ferry, Confederacy, Jefferson Davis
Day 1


What famous (and brief) speech of November 19, 1863, began,
“Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth. . .”? Who
made the speech
In Class Schedule
Western Territory and slavery
 Wilmot Proviso
 Plan to outlaw slavery in territory gained from Mexico
(proposed by David Wilmot from PA)
 Southerners thought the plan would threaten slavery
everywhere, and thus their way of life, culture, and economy
 Popular sovereignty
 The idea that allowed people in the territory to decided for
themselves whether they wanted to be a slave state or free state
 Free soil party
 Opposed slavery in the free soil of the western territory.
 Free soil, free speech, free labor, free men
California
 Forty-niners
 Refers to the mass of people
(80,000) who moved to
California in search of Gold
 Chaos and violence convinced
people of California that they
needed strong govt. led to
them applying for statehood
 Southern states threatened to
seceded from the union if
California was admitted
Compromise of 1850 Terms
 California admitted as a free state
 Popular sovereignty to determine slavery in Arizona and New
Mexico
 Slave Trade abolished in D.C.
 New fugitive slave law
Fugitive Slave Law
 Fugitive Slave Act
 Runaway slaves had to
be returned to owner
 Citizens had to assist in
the capture of runaway
slaves
 Anyone convicted in
helping slaves would be
fined $1000 and serve
6 mo. in jail for every
slave they helped
escape.
Response to Compromise
 Northerners response
 They resented it. Made most northerners sympathize
even more with slaves
 It really didn’t solve anything or change either sides
perspecitive
H.B. Stowe and UTC
 Uncle Tom’s Cabin
 Popular book written by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852.
 Stowe and her family were outspoken abolitionists
 Stirred up strong antislavery emotions among readers.
 Abe Lincoln one time introduced her as the little lady who
started the Civil War.
Day 2
U.S. Trivia



Where was the first Confederate Capital?
In Class Schedule
The Underground Railroad
 A network of people and places that aided in the escaping of
southern slaves
 Harriet Tubman
 Was one of the leaders of the Underground railroad
 Nicknamed Black Moses
Day 3

What style of facial hair is named for a Union general in the
Civil War?

In Class Schedule
Bleeding Kansas
 The Kansas-Nebraska Act
 May 1854
 Undid the Missouri Comp.
 Stated that the issue of slavery
would be decided by popular
sovereignty in these territories.
 This was a violation of the
Missouri Compromise
Map of U.S. 1854
Violence in Kansas
 Both anti slavery and pro slavery factions raced out to these
territories to sway the votes into their favor.
 Sack of Lawrence and The Pottawatomie massacre were
conflicts between pro and anti slavery factions.
 These factions clashed and 200 people died and about 2
million dollars of property had been destroyed.
Violence in Congress
 Charles Sumner, a senator from Mass, delivered a speech in
which he insulted Andrew Butler (from SC) and Southern
culture
 Butler’s cousin, Preston Brooks, beat Sumner with a golden
cane, severely injuring the senator from Mass.
The Dredd Scott Case
 Dredd Scott was a slave whose master had taken him to live
in a free territory before returning back to Missouri.
 He took his case to the Supreme Court saying he was free
since he lived in a free territory
 1857
Dredd Scott Ruling
 Fed. Govt. cannot
prohibit slavery in
territories
 The Missouri
Compromise was thus
unconstitutional
 Also ruled that
Former slaves could
not be citizens
therefore couldn’t use
Day 4
 ALCOS#13 Summarize major legislation and court decisions from
1800 to 1861 that led to increasing sectionalism
 Analyzing the formation of the Republican Party for its impact on the 1860
election of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United
 DQ’s
 How did Lincoln rise to prominence to represent Republican party?
 What were the Lincoln Douglas Debates? Why were they significant?
 What parties were represented in the 1860 election? How did each view slavery?
 Why did the South secede?
 In Class Schedule
Lincoln Douglas Debates
 Lincoln challenged Douglas to a debate b/c they were running
against each other for an Illinois senate seat (job)
 Slavery took center stage in the debates
 Although he lost the race, Lincoln gained a lot of recognition
 Positions
 Lincoln objected to slavery on moral grounds
 Douglas supported Popular sovereignty
 Freeport doctrine
 Can a state exclude slavery before it became a state?
 Douglas proposed this plan during the debates, which said that people
could keep slavery out of their territories by refusing to pass laws
needed to regulate and enforce slavery.
John Brown and Harpers Ferry
 John Brown led a rebellion against slaveholders
in which he tried to arm slaves. He tried to steal
the weapons from the Federal arsenal in Virginia
(Harpers Ferry)
The election of 1860
 Republican Abraham Lincoln from Illinois wins the election
of 1860
 Southerners were split over who they wanted as Pres.
(Douglas, Breckinridge, and Bell)
Southern response to Lincoln’s
election
 Feb. 1861 7 Deep south states secede from the Union.
 Why? B/c with the election of a Republican President, it seemed
Southern society and culture were at stake.
 A lot of Republicans were abolitionists.
Forming the Confederacy
 Each state independent
 Slavery guaranteed
 Banned protective tariffs
 Pres. To serve one 6 yr. Term
 Southern states met in Montgomery and formed the
confederacy.
 SC, GA, AL, MS, LA, TX
 Jefferson Davis
The fighting starts at Ft. Sumter
 Confederates decide to take a Federal fort which was located in
Southern territory.
 Wasn’t much of a fight. No one actually died
 Did signal the beginning of the CIVIL WAR
 Lincoln response
 He responded by calling for 75,000 volunteers to put down the
Southern rebellion militarily
 That led to more states seceding (VA, ARK,NC,TN)
Day 5
 In Class Schedule
After Ft. Sumter
Causes of the Civil War
 Causes
 Slavery
 States’ rights
Events leading to
Compromise of 1850
Kansas Nebraska Act
Dredd Scott
John Brown’s raid
Southern states secede
Conf. Takes Ft. Sumter
Day 6
 What president’s tomb in Arlington cemetery is marked
with an eternal flame?
 In Class Schedule
Day 7
 Ask not what can my country do for me but rather what can I
do for my country”- J.F.K
 In Class Schedule
 Homework