Download Lincoln & Secession

Pump-Up
• How does the following quote promote slavery?
“The negro slaves of the South are the happiest,
and, in some sense, the freest people in the
world. The children and the aged and infirm
work not at all, and yet have all the comforts
and necessities of life provided for them. They
enjoy liberty, because they are oppressed
neither by care nor labor.”
• George Fitzhugh
Lincoln & Secession
Today’s Vocabulary
• Lincoln-Douglas Debates
– Event that put Lincoln into the national spot light.
• Election of 1860
– Event in which Abraham Lincoln becomes
president.
• Fort Sumter
– Beginning of Civil War.
Abraham Lincoln
• Self educated
• War Hawk
• Lawyer
• Illinois General Assembly
– Pushed for internal improvement.
• U.S. House of Representatives
– Opposed Mexican-American War.
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
• Lincoln asks Douglas to defend
popular sovereignty since the Dred
Scott Decision made slavery legal
every where.
• Douglas’ response is known as the
Freeport Doctrine.
– If states do not want slavery, then they
should make laws against it.
• Lost support of Southern Democrats.
• Lincoln doesn’t win election but,
comes into the national spotlight.
“A House Divided”
• “A house divided against itself cannot stand. I
believe this government can not endure,
permanently, half slave and free.”
• “I do not expect the Union to be dissolved—I do
not expect the house to fall—but I do expect it
will cease to be divided.”
• “It will become all one thing or all the other.
Either the opponents of slavery will arrest the
further spread of it…or its advocates will push it
forward, till it shall become alike lawful in all the
State, old as well as new—North as well as
South.”
Election of 1860
• Northern Democrats
– Stephen Douglas
• Southern Democrats
– John C. Breckinridge
• Constitutional Union Party
– John Bell
• Republican*
– Abraham Lincoln
Secession
• Have the right to abolish an
abusive gov’t and create a new
one.
– S.C. seceded 1st.
– Other states wouldn’t secede
unless federal gov’t used force
against any southern state.
• Lincoln wished to preserve
Union.
– Sent reinforcements to Fort
Sumter, S.C.
Confederate States of America
• Jefferson Davis was elected
president.
• Southern Constitution
– Protected slavery.
– States have much power.
– Gov’t couldn’t raise money.
Crittenden Compromise
• Proposed to keep the 36
30 line.
– Slavery can expand but only
within certain regions.
Beginning of War
• Lincoln’s Inauguration
– Wouldn’t interfere with slavery
where it already existed
– He would do what was
necessary to preserve the
Union.
• Fort Sumter
– Lincoln decided to send nonmilitary supplies.
– Confederacy attacks.
Rush to War
• Called for 75,000 volunteers.
– Believed war could be won
quickly.
• Four more southern states
secede.
• Border states:
– Kentucky, Maryland, and
Missouri
– All stay within the Union b/c
Lincoln just wants to prevent
the spread of slavery.
Reflection
• Why does the South secede and why does
this lead to the Civil War?