Download Lincoln and the Civil War

Lincoln and the Civil War
Aim: How did Lincoln preserve the Union?
I hold that, in contemplation of universal law and of the Constitution,
the Union of these States is perpetual....
There needs to be no bloodshed or violence; and there shall be none,
unless it be forced upon the national authority. …there will be no
invasion, no using of force against or among the people anywhere....
We are not enemies, but friends. We must not be enemies. Though
passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds of affection.
The mystic chords of memory, stretching from every battlefield and
patriot grave to every living heart and hearthstone all over this broad
land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union when again touched, as
surely they will be, by the better angels of our nature.
- President Lincoln's First Inaugural Address
I. Funding the War
A. Lincoln helps the
northern economy:
1. passes first
federal income tax in
U.S. history
2. created a
national currency,
paper $$$ called
greenbacks
II. Emergency Wartime Actions
A. Arrested disloyal
legislators in Border
States, which were
strategically important
B. Placed Kentucky
under martial law,
emergency rule by
military
C. Established a draft to
raise troops
III. Limiting Civil Liberties
A. Attempted to silence Northern opposition,
dissenters
1. Shut down opposition newspapers
2. Suspended the writ of habeas corpus
a. people were imprisoned without
being charged
 Article I, Section 9 of
the Constitution says,
"The privilege of the
writ of habeas corpus
shall not be
suspended, unless
when in cases of
rebellion or invasion
the public safety may
require it."
IV. Emancipation Proclamation
A. Issued on 9/22/1862, announcing the freedom of
all slaves of states still in rebellion after 1/1/1863
1. didn’t free slaves in Border States
B. Had little impact on slavery because it applied only
to areas under Confederate control
C. However, it transformed the conflict over
preserving the Union into a war of liberation
D. 13th Amendment ended slavery
The Great Emancipator?
V. Aftermath of War
• Union is preserved
–Stronger federal government
• Slavery ends
• Over 1 million casualties
–500,000 dead
• Southern terrain and economy
destroyed