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DO NOW: Recreate this diagram and complete (p. 478-483) Made ammunition Became spies Raised money Did men’s jobs while they were away Made blankets Distributed food, clothing, medicine Rolled bandages Uniforms A Soldiers Life Entertainment for Enlisted Men People and Economy of the Civil War Notes for 16-4 Life of a Soldiers Union Confederacy Much of their time was Similar to Union spent in camp Pleasant moments of song, stories, letters, baseball games Most of the time life was dull with routine Sometimes either side would trade with the other during lulls in battle 13” Mortar gun “Dictator” Reality of War Union 1 out of every 11 deserted High numbers of casualties caused by new weaponry Agers “coffee mill” gun – not a machine gun, powered by a hand crank Land mines Balloons (used for observation) Confederacy 1 out of every 8 deserted Soldiers suffered from lack of supplies and food Springfield muzzleloader used on both sides – best could fire every 10-12 seconds Caused more casualties in each battle New Warfare Trench warfare Toward the end of the war both sides began to dig trenches in the ground to hold their position Some Generals still continued to launch charge after charge into enemy causing high number of casualties New Roles for Women Union Took on new roles Worked in factories Became teachers, salesclerks, and government workers Confederacy Managed farms Both sides suffered loss of husbands, fathers, brothers Many driven from their homes as houses were commandeered or destroyed by the Union Life at Home Union Saw war from a distance Everyday life went on with little disruption Confederacy Dramatic change in everyday life Blockades limited supplies and caused shortages Food Clothing Medicine Homes and crops destroyed by Union armies The Northern Homefront The Southern Homefront Spies Union Confederacy Harriet Tubman spied Rose O’Neal Greenhow for the north Allen Pinkerton later formed the famous Pinkerton detective agency entertained soldiers in the Union and picked up info Belle Boyd informed Confederate generals of Union army movement Spies Nurses - Thousands of women served as nurses on both sides Union Confederacy Sally Tompkins Dorothea Dix organized women to work with wounded Clara Barton – later founded Red Cross established hospital in the South Kate Cummings left home at age 27 to work in the field hospitals Enlistments – at first people rushed to join on both sides Union Encouraged enlistment by offering bounties (payment to encourage volunteers) Began draft in 1863 Names were pulled from a lottery Person could avoid the draft by hiring a substitute or paying $300 Led to riots (New York City 1863) Confederacy Began draft in 1862 Exempted one white man on every plantation with 20 or more slaves People complained of a “rich man’s war but a poor man’s fight” The New York Riots Economics – both sides borrowed money, raised taxes, and printed paper money Union Borrowed $2 billion by selling war bonds Passed income tax in 1861 Printed “greenbacks” Northern economy boomed – farmers grew more crops, factories produced more goods Confederacy Borrowed $700 million by selling war bonds Also imposed income tax Lacked industry to produce arms and ammunition Fighting took place in the South so farms were overrun, rail lines tore up Printed a lot more money than in the North Review – make a Venn diagram to show how the North and South were affected by the war NORTH SOUTH