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The
Civil War
(1861-1865)
Secession!: SC Dec. 20,
1860
North vs. South in 1861
North
South
Advantages
?
?
Disadvantages
?
?
Rating the North & the South
Resources: North & the South
Railroad Lines, 1860
Men Present for Duty
in the Civil War
The Union & Confederacy in 1861
The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis
VP Alexander Stevens
The Confederate “White House”
The Confederate Seal
MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”
Fort Sumter: April 12, 1861
Lincoln’s Executive Power
Ordered troops into battle
2. Authorized spending for the war
3. Suspended the writ of habeas corpus
4. Declared martial law - 13,000 arrested
5. Ignored Ex parte Merryman (prisoners) &
Ex parte Milligan (tribunals) (Taney)
* All without congressional approval - how did
he justify this?
1.
Extensive Legislation Passed
Without the South in Congress
1861 – Morrill Tariff Act
1862 – Homestead Act
1862 – Legal Tender Act
1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act
1862 – Emancipation Proclamation
(1/1/1863)
1863 – Pacific Railway Act
1863 – National Bank Act
Overview
of
the North’s
Civil War
Strategy:
“Anaconda”
Plan
The “Anaconda” Plan
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Irwin McDowell
George McClellan
Joseph Hooker
Ambrose Burnside
Ulysses S. Grant
George Meade
George McClellan,
Again!
McClellan: I Can Do It All!
The Confederate Generals
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford
Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee
Battle of Bull Run
(1st Manassas)
July, 1861
The Battle of the Ironclads,
March, 1862
The Monitor vs.
the Merrimac
Damage on the Deck of the Monitor
War in the East: 1861-1862
Battle of Antietam
“Bloodiest Single Day of the War”
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties
The
Emancipation
Proclamation
Emancipation in 1863
Why were the Confiscation Acts passed? What “contraband” was confiscated?
The Southern View of Emancipation
African-American Recruiting Poster
The Famous 54th Massachusetts
African-Americans
in Civil War Battles
* 186,000 emancipated blacks served the Union forces
The War in
the West, 1863:
Vicksburg
The Road to Gettysburg: 1863
Gettysburg Casualties
The North
Initiates the
Draft, 1863
Buy Your Way Out of Military Service
Inflation in the South
The Progress of War: 1861-1865
1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R)
George McClellan (D)
The Peace Movement:
Copperheads
Clement Vallandigham
1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster
Sherman’s
“March
to the
Sea”
through
Georgia,
1864
Presidential
Election
Results:
1864
Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural
March 4, 1865
“With malice toward none; with charity for all;
with firmness in the right, as God gives us to
see the right, let us strive on to finish the work
we are in; to bind up the nation’s wounds; to
care for him who shall have borne the battle,
and for his widow, as his orphan - to do all
which we may achieve and cherish a just and
lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all
nations.”
The Final Virginia Campaign:
1864-1865
Surrender at Appomattox Courthouse
April 9, 1865
Casualties on Both Sides
Civil War Casualties
in Comparison to Other
Wars
The Massacre at Fort Pillow, TN
(April 12, 1864)
Gen. Nathan Bedford Forrest
(Captured Fort Pillow)
 Ordered black soldiers
murdered after they
surrendered [many
white soldiers killed as
well]
 Became the first Grand
Wizard of the Ku Klux
Klan after the war.
Confederate Prison Camp
at Point Lookout, MD
 Planned to hold 10,000 men.
 Had almost 50,000 at one time.
Point Lookout Memorial
of 4,000 Dead Rebel Prisoners
Union Prison Camp
at Andersonville, GA
Original Andersonville Plan
 Planned to hold 10,000 men.
 Had over 32,000 at one time.
Distributing “Rations”
Union “Survivors”
Burying Dead Union POWs
13,000 died in camp
Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)
The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth
The Assassination
WANTED~~!!
Now He Belongs to the
Ages!
The Execution
Recruiting Blacks in NYC
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC
NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)
A “Pogrom” Against Blacks