Download Lesson 16.1

Copy the following chart on the
top ten lines of NB-5.
Lincoln’s
dilemma
First
Shots at
Fort
Sumter
Lincoln’s
decision
Confederate
response
Outcome
Copy the following chart on the
middle ten lines of NB-5.
Northern
states’
response
Lincoln
Calls Out
the
Militia
Southern
states’
response
Virginia’s
importance
Lee’s
decision
Copy the following chart on the
bottom ten lines of NB-5.
Importance
of the border
states
Maryland
Choosing
Sides
Kentucky
Virginia
Missouri
Lesson 16.1a: War Erupts
Today we will examine the decisions made by
Lincoln in the first few weeks of the Civil War.
Vocabulary
• examine – look at closely
• dilemma – a difficult problem with two
equally undesirable solutions
• militia – group of volunteers who serve in
their state’s military during emergencies
• border states – slave states that hadn’t
seceded yet
• secession – withdrawal from the Union
Check for Understanding
• What are we going to do today?
• What is a dilemma?
What is a militia?
What is a border state?
What We Already Learned
The election of 1860, which Abraham Lincoln won,
showed how slavery had divided the country.
What We Already Learned
In 1858, Lincoln himself had
warned that slavery might
fatally divided the Union.
• “A house divided against
itself cannot stand. I believe
this government cannot
endure, permanently half
slave and half free.
• I do not expect the Union to
be dissolved — I do not
expect the house to fall —
but I do expect it will cease
to be divided.
• It will become all one thing,
or all the other.”
What We Already Learned
After Lincoln’s
election, seven
Southern states
seceded and by
February 1861 had
formed the
Confederate States of
America.
Read aloud
with me!
What We Already Learned
In his inaugural address,
Lincoln reassured the
South that he had no
intention of interfering with
slavery, but also spoke
forcefully against
secession.
What We Already Learned
• Lincoln wanted no invasion, but he would not
abandon the government’s forts in the South.
• Most of these, including Fort Sumter in South
Carolina, were still manned by Union troops.
• These forts would soon need to be resupplied.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
1. How did the secession of the Southern states
confirm the fears Lincoln had expressed in
his “House Divided” speech?
A. The powers of the House of Representatives
would have to be increased.
B. It demonstrated that Congress was too weak
to deal with the nation's problems.
C. It showed how the issue of slavery was
threatening the Union.
D. It meant slavery would have to be outlawed
in the United States.
First Shots at Fort Sumter
• Fort Sumter was running out of supplies.
Read aloud
with me!
First Shots at Fort Sumter
• Fort Sumter was running out of supplies.
• Lincoln decided to send supply ships to Fort
Sumter.
First Shots at Fort Sumter
• Fort Sumter was running out of supplies.
• Lincoln decided to send supply ships to Fort
Sumter.
• Confederate commander P.G.T. Beauregard’s
shore guns fired on the fort for 34 hours.
First Shots at Fort Sumter
• Fort Sumter was running out of supplies.
• Lincoln decided to send supply ships to Fort
Sumter.
• Confederate commander P.G.T. Beauregard's
shore guns fired on the fort for 34 hours.
• The fort commander
Major Robert Anderson
was forced to surrender.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
2. Where were the first shots of
the Civil War fired?
• Fort Sumter was where the first shots
of the Civil War were fired.
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
Two days after the
surrender of Fort
Sumter, President
Lincoln asked the
Union states to
provide 75,000
militiamen for 90
days to put down
the uprising in the
South.
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
Lincoln’s call for
75,000 state militia
troops for 90 days
led to enthusiasm
in the North.
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
Many
responded with
excitement,
relief, or
eagerness.
Some feared
the war would
be over before
they got a
chance to fight.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
3. Which seven states were the first
to secede to form the Confederacy?
Which one is NOT included?
3. Which seven states were the first
to secede to form the Confederacy?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
H.
South Carolina
Mississippi
Kentucky
Florida
Alabama
Georgia
Louisiana
Texas
Which one is NOT included?
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
• Southern states that
had not yet seceded
reacted with shock and
anger to this decision.
• They thought Lincoln’s
call for troops was evil
and aggressive.
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
Virginia, North
Carolina,
Tennessee, and
Arkansas voted to
join the
Confederacy.
Lincoln Calls Out the Militia
As in the North, Southern volunteers also rushed to
enlist, with many fearing the war would be over
before they could join the fight.
Virginia’s Secession
• With Virginia on its
side, the Confederacy had a much
better chance for
victory.
• The Confederacy
was strengthened
by Virginia’s
wealth, population,
and prestige.
Virginia’s Secession
In recognition of
Virginia’s
importance, the
Confederacy
moved its capital
to Richmond.
Lee’s Decision
• Lincoln prepared for the war
by offering command of all
Union forces to the talented
general, Robert E. Lee.
• Unwilling to fight against his
home state, Lee resigned
from the U.S. Army and
offered his services to the
Confederacy.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
4. Why was Virginia important to
the Confederacy?
A. It was home to many important factories.
B. It was a large and wealthy state.
C. It was the home of the talented general,
Robert E. Lee.
D. Its mountains and valleys served as a
protective barrier for the Confederate
capital in Charleston.
Choose all that are true!
5. Why did Robert E. Lee decide to
fight for the Confederacy ?
A. He did not support the
idea of the Union.
B. He hoped to serve in the
Confederate government
some day.
C. He refused to fight
against his home state.
D. He wanted to keep using
slaves on his plantation.
Choosing Sides
• It was important to Lincoln that the border
states did not secede.
• Border states were slave states that bordered
the North and had not yet seceded.
Choosing Sides
The location and
resources of the
border states
made them
pivotal in tipping
the scales to one
side or the other.
Choosing Sides
• Maryland was
of great
concern.
• If Maryland
seceded, then
Washington,
D.C., would be
cut off from
the rest of the
Union.
Choosing Sides
• Lincoln sent in troops
and ordered the arrest
of Maryland politicians
who were sympathetic
to the South.
Choosing Sides
• Lincoln sent in troops
and ordered the arrest
of Maryland politicians
who were sympathetic
to the South.
• Because of Lincoln’s
decisive actions, both
Maryland and Delaware
stayed in the Union.
Choosing Sides
• Kentucky was deeply divided
over secession.
• Its rivers could provide an
invasion route into the
South, or provide a barrier
for the South.
• An 1861 invasion by
Confederate troops
convinced the state to stay
in the Union.
Choosing Sides
• Western Virginia, with the help of Union
troops, broke away from Virginia and
returned to the Union.
Choosing Sides
• In Missouri, Union troops and local unionists
fought against secessionists.
• In the end, Missouri also stayed in the Union.
Get your whiteboards
and markers ready!
6. Why were the border states
important to both sides?
A. Their location and resources made them
pivotal in tipping the scales to one side or
the other.
B. They contained most of the people and
wealth of the country.
C. They believed in secession, but did not
recognize slavery.
D. Many European immigrants lived there, and
could influence the support of European
nations.
7. Which border state was formed when
it seceded from a Confederate state?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
North Carolina
North Dakota
West Virginia
New Jersey
Arkansas
7. Which border state was formed when
it seceded from a Confederate state?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
North Carolina
North Dakota
West Virginia
New Jersey
Arkansas