* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Battles of the Civil War Part 2
Battle of Malvern Hill wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Donelson wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Antietam wikipedia , lookup
South Carolina in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Hampton Roads Conference wikipedia , lookup
Arkansas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Island Number Ten wikipedia , lookup
Lost Cause of the Confederacy wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Cumberland Church wikipedia , lookup
Texas in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Red River Campaign wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Sailor's Creek wikipedia , lookup
Capture of New Orleans wikipedia , lookup
Anaconda Plan wikipedia , lookup
East Tennessee bridge burnings wikipedia , lookup
Battle of White Oak Road wikipedia , lookup
Second Battle of Corinth wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Wilson's Creek wikipedia , lookup
Opposition to the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Baltimore riot of 1861 wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Appomattox Station wikipedia , lookup
Ulysses S. Grant and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Seven Pines wikipedia , lookup
Economy of the Confederate States of America wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Fort Pillow wikipedia , lookup
Battle of New Bern wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Gaines's Mill wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Shiloh wikipedia , lookup
First Battle of Bull Run wikipedia , lookup
Commemoration of the American Civil War on postage stamps wikipedia , lookup
Issues of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Virginia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Cedar Creek wikipedia , lookup
Alabama in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Lewis's Farm wikipedia , lookup
Western Theater of the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
United Kingdom and the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Border states (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Union (American Civil War) wikipedia , lookup
Battle of Namozine Church wikipedia , lookup
Siege of Vicksburg wikipedia , lookup
Military history of African Americans in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Georgia in the American Civil War wikipedia , lookup
Vicksburg Mississippi May 2-July 9, 1863 The lengthy Battle of Vicksburg began in Warren County on May 13, 1863. The North and the South considered Vicksburg an important stronghold. Union General Ulysses S. Grant launched massive assaults on Vicksburg and terrorized the inhabitants. Confederates achieved a minimal victory at Milliken’s Bend against untrained black troops. Federal troops pushed Confederate forces back as the size of the Union forces continued to increase. Confederate General John Pemberton surrendered to Grant on July 3, 1863. Gettysburg Pennsylvania July 1-3, 1863 The Battle of Gettysburg began as the Battle of Vicksburg was ending. Confederate General Lee forced federal troops, under General George C. Meade’s command, to lose ground as the Confederate forces attempted to take the city. Lee planned several attacks, including attacks at Peach Orchard and Devil’s Den. The Union army fought back, repelling Confederate attacks and sending them back to Culp’s Hill. Lee was relentless and sent his army back into battle, but to no avail. He eventually began a retreat toward Williamsport. The Gettysburg Address November 19, 1863 Abraham Lincoln delivered this famous speech on November 19, 1863, to a crowd gathered at the dedication of Soldier’s National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. The speech contains only two hundred seventy-two words, but it is considered one of the greatest speeches in American history. Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field, as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. But, in a larger sense, we can not dedicate, we can not consecrate, we can not hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us—that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion—that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain—that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth. Wilderness May 5-7, 1864 Union General Grant continued his march to Richmond, Virginia, planning to use three armies to lay siege to the city. He wanted to cut Lee’s food and artillery supply lines and to block a Southern retreat. Grant’s troops encountered Confederate General Richard Ewell’s soldiers. The Union forces outnumbered the Confederate. Because of gunfire and the Wilderness’ dry land, forest fires were sparked. Confederates achieved some success and inflicted Union casualties. Grant refused to retreat and continued his march to Richmond. Virginia Cold Harbor May 31-June 12, 1864 The Battle of Cold Harbor lasted from May 31 to June 12, 1864, in Hanover County, Virginia. Union General Philip Sheridan led a successful attack against Confederate troops, which lasted until the Confederacy called reinforcements to the area. Sheridan followed in similar fashion, enlisting the help of General Grant. As in the Battle of Wilderness, Grant battled on, launching his soldiers at the Confederacy. The Grant-led army suffered almost five thousand losses. Grant’s march to Richmond had been thrown off, so now he attempted to regain footing in Petersburg. Virginia Sherman’s March to the Sea November 15-December 20, 1864 As the Union army moved through the South, they destroyed train tracks by heating the rails and bending them into a bow. This became known as “Sherman’s Neckties” Union General William T. Sherman already had captured Atlanta, but he wanted to leave sixty thousand troops there while he marched the rest of his army to the Atlantic Ocean through Savannah, Georgia. During this time, Confederate General John Hood had led troops in a raid on Tennessee, leaving Sherman’s soldiers to face fewer than five thousand Confederate soldiers. Sherman’s troops burned buildings and infrastructures along the way, destroying many towns and cities. Sherman’s troops defeated the depleted Confederate army and took Savannah on December 22, 1864. Surrender at Appomattox Virginia April 9, 1865 General Lee surrendered his Confederate army at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, on April 9, 1865. Lee’s army had diminished, which contributed to Union General Grant’s many victories near the end of the war. In a sign of respect, Grant allowed Lee to keep his saber and horse. General Joseph Johnston was the last Confederate general who continued to fight. He still believed that the South could win the war. Johnston’s troops eventually fell to federal troops, and he surrendered to General Sherman on April 26, 1865. Assassination of Lincoln April 14, 1865 President Abraham Lincoln was assassinated at the end of the Civil War. He was killed on April 14, 1865, while attending a play at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., with his wife and two other people. Lincoln was watching Our American Cousin when John Wilkes Booth shot him in the back of the head. Booth was a loyal Confederate, and he thought the Confederacy could triumph if Lincoln were dead. Booth jumped off the balcony and broke his ankle, but managed to escape the theater. Lincoln died of his fatal wound the next morning. The Trial and Execution of the Conspirators The conspirators in the assassination of President Lincoln were Mary Surratt, Lewis Powell, David Herold, George Atzerdot, Michael O’Laughlen, Samuel Arnold, Edman Spangler, and Dr. Samuel Mudd. They were tried in a military tribunal court because the government deemed the nature of the case required the use of this court. A majority vote would result in a guilty verdict, while a two-thirds majority would result in a death sentence. All eight were found guilty. Surratt, Powell, Herold, and Atzerdot were sentenced to death by hanging. O’Laughlen died in prison. President Andrew Johnson pardoned Arnold, Spangler, and Mudd. Legacy of the War The Civil War was the bloodiest war in American history. It has been referred to as “The War Between the States,” “The Brother’s War,” and the “War of Northern Aggression.” More than 600,000 Americans lost their lives, and countless others were wounded severely. The Civil War led to passage of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth , and Fifteen Amendments to the United States Constitution. These amendments outlawed slavery, granted African Americans United States citizenship, and granted African-American males the right to vote. Although equal treatment under the law for African Americans would not be enforced until almost a hundred years later, the Civil War abolished slavery and established the supremacy of the federal government.