Download the parts of speech

THE PARTS OF SPEECH
PART OF SPEECH/DEFINITION/EXAMPLES
NOUN
Names person, place, thing, or idea
Examples:
poet, Jamaica Kincaid, Egyptians, tribe, nation, Japan, epic, Sundiata,
realism
PRONOUNS: Takes the place of one or
more nouns or pronouns
 Personal
 Refers to one(s) speaking (first person),
spoken to (second person), spoken about
(third person)
 I, me, my, mine, we, us, our, ours
you, your, yours
 he, him, his, she, her, hers, it, its, they, them, their,
theirs
PROUNOUNS CONT.
 Reflexive
 Refers to subject and directs action of verb back to subject
 myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves
 Demonstrative
 Refers to specific one(s) of group
 this, that, these, those
 Interrogative
 Introduces question
 what, which, who, whom, whose
PRONOUNS CONT.
 Relative
 Introduces subordinate clause and refers to noun
or pronoun outside that clause
 that, which, who, whom, whose
 Indefinite
 Refers to one(s) not specifically named
 all, any, anyone, both, each, either, everybody, many,
none, nothing
ADJECTIVES
 Modifies noun or pronoun by telling
what kind, which one, how many, or how
much
Example:
 a popular ballad, Indian philosophy,
that one, the three young brothers,
more time
VERB: Shows action or state of being
 Action
 Expresses physical or mental activity
 describe, travel, fight, believe, consider, remember
 Linking
 Connects subject with word identifying or describing it
 appear, be, seem, become, feel, look, smell, sound, taste
 Helping (Auxiliary)
 Assists another verb in expressing time, voice, or mood
 be, have, may, can, shall, must, would
INTRANSITIVE VERB
a verb that takes no objects or
complements
Example:
 The student worked hard for
their grade.

TRANSITIVE VERB
 a verb that takes a direct object.
 Remember, to ask the verb or action in the
sentence “what”. If you can answer that
questions it means there is a direct object
and the verb is transitive.
Example:
Tom and Bobby drove their cars home.
PREPOSITION
 Relates noun or pronoun to another word
 about, above, across, after, against, along, among,
around, as at before, behind, below, beside, between,
beyond, but, by concerning, considering, despite,
down , during except, for from, in, inside, into, like,
near, next, of, off, on, onto, opposite, out, outside,
over, past, plus, regarding, respecting, round, since, to,
than, through, throughout, until, under, with
according to, because of, instead
CONJUNCTION
 Joins words or word groups
 Coordinating
 Joins words or word groups and often uses a comma
 for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so (think FANBOYS)
 Correlative
 A pair of conjunctions that join parallel words or word groups
 both ... and, either ... or, neither ... nor, not only ... but (also)
 Subordinating
 Begins a subordinate clause and connects it to an independent
clause
 although, as if, because, since, so that, unless, when, where, while
INTERJECTION
Expresses emotion
ah, wow, ugh, whew
Wow!! I love grammar!!
ADVERB
 Modifies verb, adjective, or adverb by
telling how, when, where, or to what
Examples:
 walks slowly, quite different,
somewhat boldly, coming here soon
THE PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE
 A prepositional phrase begins with a preposition and
ends with the object of the preposition, a word or
word group that functions as a noun.
Language is the road map of a culture.
Don’t judge a book by it’s cover; people
too.
Gerunds and Gerund Phrases
 A gerund is a verb form ending in –ing that
is used as a noun. A gerund phrase consists
of a gerund and all the words related to
the gerund.
Example:
 The frightened rodents avoid putting their
plan into action. [Putting their plan into action is
the direct object of the verb avoid. Plan is the
direct object of the gerund putting.
APPOSITIVES AND APPOSITIVE
PHRASES
 An appositive is a noun or a pronoun placed beside
another noun or pronoun to identify or explain it.
An appositive phrase consists of an appositive and its
modifiers.
 Rilke was born to German-speaking parents in Prague, the
modern capital of the Czech Republic. [The entire
phrase the modern capital of the Czech Republic identifies the
noun Prague.]
Clauses
 A clause is a group of words that contains a verb
and its subject and that is used as part of a
sentence. There are two kinds of clauses: the
independent clause and the dependent
(subordinate) clause.
An independent (or main) clause expresses a
complete thought and can stand by itself as a
sentence.
A dependent (or subordinate) clause does not
express a complete thought and cannot stand
alone as a sentence.
Sentence types
 SIMPLE SENTENCE=1 INDEPENDENT
CLAUSE
 COMPOUND SENTENCE=2 OR MORE
INDEPENDENT CLAUSES
 COMPLEX SENTENCE=1 INDEPENDENT
CLAUSE+1 OR MORE DEPENDENT
CLAUSES
 COMPOUND-COMPLEX SENTENCE=2 OR
MORE INDEPENDENT CLAUSES+1 OR
MORE DEPENDENT CLAUSES
SENTENCE PURPOSE
 Declarative sentence makes a statement and
ends in a period. (.)
 Interrogative sentence asks a questions and
ends in a question mark. (?)
 Imperative sentence gives a command and ends
in a period. (.)
 Exclamatory sentence expresses strong feelings
and ends in an exclamation point. (!)