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Mood Disorders Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Major Depression A form of depression that does not alternate with mania Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Major Depression The most common mood disorder Causes? --Involves a genetic predisposition and biological basis in the decrease of certain neurotransmitters. --Activity levels in frontal left lobe also implicated. --In some cases, depression may be caused by a viral infection --Or perhaps it is a collection of disorders having a variety of causes Biologically alone can not explain depression… it is a mental, social and behavioral condition. --May not be just biological…a cognitive-behavioral explanation says a negative event along with low self esteem/ pessimistic attitude may lead to depression. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Symptoms of Major Depression Agitation, restlessness, and irritability Dramatic change in appetite, often with weight gain or loss Extreme difficulty concentrating Fatigue and lack of energy Feelings of hopelessness and helplessness Major depression is when a person has five Feelings of worthlessness, self-hate, and inappropriate guilt or more symptoms of depression at least Withdrawal from usual activities, a loss of interestfor or pleasure in activities that weretwo once weeks. enjoyed Thoughts of death or suicide Trouble sleeping or excessive sleeping Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 A mild form of depression Dysthymia • Shows less than 5 symptoms of depression for more than 2 years • No major depressive element Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD) A form of depression believed to be caused by deprivation of sunlight such as during the winter months. Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007 Bipolar Disorder (formerly known as manic depression) Mental abnormality involving swings of mood from mania to depression. Very up to very down Copyright © Allyn & Bacon 2007