Download The Nasal Cavity

BY- DR SUDEEP K.C.
The Nasal Cavity: Functions
 The
superior part of the respiratory tract
 A passageway for air to lungs
 Filters impurities esp. dust from inspired
air
 Warms and humidifies inspired air
 Organ of smell
 Aids in phonation
 Receives secretions from paranasal
sinuses
 Receives secretions from nasolacrimal
duct
 External
nose: Cartilage stuck to the nasal
bones creating a wind tunnel with two holes
called the external nares or nostrils
 Function:
• filtering air
• odors detection
• resonating chamber that amplifies the voice (hold
your nose)
• moisture addition
• warming air
• FOR Men and Women
3
 Note
the philtrum
4
 Where
does the nasal bone end in the nose?
5
•The internal part
is much larger
than the external
part
•The external nose
is the part that
projects from the
face.
•Its supporting
skeleton is
comprised of bone
and cartilage.
External Nose, The Bones:
The Cartilages
Nasal
Frontal (Nasal Part)
Maxilla (Frontal Process)
http://www.netterimages.com/images/vtn/000/000/001/1998-150x150.jpg
http://z.about.com/d/drawsketch/1/0/-/B/nose-anatomy.jpg
 The
entire nasal
cavity extends from
the nares (nostrils)
anteriorly to the
choanae posteriorly
Choanae
http://www.netterimages.com/images/vtn/000/000/001/1966-150x150.jpg
http://mywebpages.comcast.net/wnor/nasalseptumbonescarti.jpg
 IT
IS PYRAMIDAL IN SHAPE WITH ITS
ROOT UP AND THE BASE DIRECTED
DOWNWARDS. IT CONSISTS OF
OSTEOCARTILAGINOUS FRAMEWORK
COVERED BY MUSCLES AND SKIN
 1.BONY
PART:- Upper 1/3rd of the
external nose is bony while lower 2/3rd
are cartilaginous. Two nasal bones which
meet in the midline and rest on the
upper part orf nasal process of the
frontal bone and are themselves held
between the frontal processes of the
maxillae.
 2. Cartilaginous
part:
It consists of
 Upper
lateral cartilages(alar cartilage)
 Lower
lateral cartilages(alar cartilage)
 Lesser
alar(sesamoid)
 Septal
cartilage
 Osteocartilaginous
framework of nose is
covered by muscles which bring about
movements of the nasal tip, ala and the
overlying skin. They are the
procerus,nasalis (transverse & alar
parts),levator lavii superiorioris alaque
nasi, anterior &posterior dialoter nares and
depressor septi.
 Thin
and free upper part
,thick and adherent
containing many
sebaceous glands lower
part (alar cartilage)

He needed to have the tip of his nose reconstructed, so the
surgeon cut a flap of forehead skin and attached it to the
nose's end. The flap stayed attached to the forehead until the
blood vessels in the nose fed the skin newly attached to it.
He’s all put back together now and you wouldn’t know that
his head had been rubix cubed so recently. He’s back to his
good looking self with just a teeny fading scar to show for all
this fuss. Modern medicine is amazing.
 Each
half of the nasal
cavity has a:
 Floor
 Roof
 Lateral wall
 Septal wall
http://www.resource.nsw.gov.au/murfy/images/Box.gif
 Palatine
process
maxilla
 Horizontal plate
palatine bone
(the superior surface of
the hard palate)
http://www.netterimages.com/images/vtn/000/000/001/1966-150x150.jpg


Narrow
Formed by a number of bones and cartilages
• Anterior part – corresponds with bridge of nose
• Intermediate part – formed by cribriform plate
• Posterior part – formed by inferior surface, sphenoid body
Nasal Cartilages, Nasal, Frontal, Ethmoid,Sphenoid Bones
http://www.netterimages.com/images/vpv/000/000/000/986-0550x0350.jpg
Divides the nasal cavity into right and left halves
It is part osseous and part cartilaginous
Perpendicular
Plate (ethmoid)
Septal
Cartilage
Vomer
http://www.netterimages.com/images/vtn/000/000/004/4772-150x150.jpg
19
Marked by 3
projections:
• Superior concha
• Middle concha
• Inferior concha
The area below each
concha is referred to as a
meatus (passageway).
http://webanatomy.net/histology/respiratory/nasal_cavity_lateral.jpg
 MAIN
BRANCHES FROM IN TERNAL
AND EXTERNAL
 DETAILS WILL
EPISTAXIS
BE EXPLAINED IN
 External
 Rest
&Anterior :-Submandibular.
of nasal cavity drain: upper jugular
nodes either directly or retropharyngeal
nodes
The Nasolacrimal
Canal conveys tears
from the orbit to the
inferior nasal
meatus
http://classroom.psu.ac.th/users/vuraporn/321_211/sense_pic/sense161.jpg
Paranasal Air Sinuses
Frontal
Ethmoid
Maxilla
Sphenoid
http://www.ent.com.au/Sinus%20Disease%20&%20Treatment.htm
Air filled extensions of the
respiratory part of the nasal cavity
are found within these bones. They
are called the paranasal sinuses.
Functions:
1. Resonators of the voice
2. They also reduce the skulls weight
The paranasal sinuses are lined with mucoperiosteum (Mucous
membrane and periosteum so intimately united as to form nearly a
single membrane)
The mucus which is produced is moved into the nose primarily via
ciliary action
Apertures communicate between the sinuses and the nasal cavity
Sinusitis is inflammation and swelling of the mucosa of one or
more of these paranasal sinuses
Sphenoid sinus opens into
sphenoethmoidal recess
Posterior ethmoidal air
cells open into superior
meatus
Anterior & middle ethmoid
air cells, maxillary and
frontal sinuses open into
middle meatus
Nasolacrimal Canal drains
into Inferior Meatus
http://www.plastic-surgery-ross.ru/images/rhynoplasty/rin_03.jpg
CN I – Olfactory Nerves (SVA)
Anterior ethmoidal
branch of V1 (GSA)
Cut nasopalatine
branch of V2 to
septum (GSA)
Posterior nasal
branches of V2
(GSA)
Netter, Frank H., Atlas of Human Anatomy. Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Summit, N.J. 1993. Plate 38.
Sphenopalatine a.
Maxillary a.
Netter, Frank H., Atlas of Human Anatomy. Ciba-Geigy Corporation, Summit, N.J. 1993. Plate 35.
 There
are 2 types
• Olfactory
 Lies in a relatively superior position
• Respiratory
 Lines lower part of nasal cavity
 Functions:
 Warm inspired air
 Moisten inspired air
 Clean (filter) inspired air
DO NOT TRY IT !!!