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Darwin’s Principles AP Biology 2010-2011 Darwin’s finches Differences in beaks allowed some finches to… successfully compete successfully feed successfully reproduce pass successful AP Biology traits onto their offspring In historical context Other people’s ideas paved the path for Darwin’s thinking competition: struggle for survival population growth exceeds food supply land masses change over immeasurable time AP Biology Voyage: 1831-1836 November 24, 1859, Darwin published “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection” AP Biology Essence of Darwin’s ideas Natural selection heritable variation exists in populations over-production of offspring more offspring than the environment can support competition for food, mates, nesting sites, escape predators differential survival successful traits = adaptations differential reproduction adaptations become more AP Biology common in population Where does Variation come from? Mutation random changes to DNA errors in mitosis & meiosis environmental damage Sexual reproduction mixing of alleles genetic recombination new arrangements of alleles in every offspring new combinations = new phenotypes AP Biology LaMarckian vs. Darwinian view LaMarck in reaching higher vegetation giraffes stretch their necks & transmits the acquired longer neck to offspring Darwin AP Biology giraffes born with longer necks survive better & leave more offspring who inherit their long necks Stick your neck out… Ask Questions! AP Biology