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Chapter 15 Infection Control and the Dental Radiographer Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. Dental Radiography Questions What is the rationale for infection control? What infection control procedures are necessary before, during, and after x-ray exposure? What infection control procedures are necessary for processing? Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 2 Dental Radiography Chapter 15 Reading: Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 140-150) Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 3 Dental Radiography Chapter 15 Outline Infection Control and the Dental Radiographer Infection control basics Guidelines for infection control practices Infection control in dental radiography Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 4 Infection Control and the Dental Radiographer Infectious diseases present a significant hazard in the dental environment. Infection control protocols are used in dentistry to minimize the potential for disease transmission. Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 5 Infection Control Basics Rationale for Infection Control Infection Control Terminology Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 6 Rationale for Infection Control Iannucci & Howerton (p. 141) To prevent the transmission of infectious diseases May be transmitted from: Patient to dental professional Dental professional to patient Patient to patient Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 7 Pathogen A microorganism capable of causing disease Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 8 Infection Control Terminology Iannucci & Howerton (p. 141) Antiseptic Asepsis Bloodborne pathogen Disinfect Disinfection Exposure incident Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 9 Infection Control Terminology Infectious waste Occupational exposure Parenteral exposure Sharp Sterilize Sterilization Universal precautions Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 10 Guidelines for Infection Control Practices Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 141-142) (Box 15-1) Protective Attire and Barrier Techniques Hand Hygiene and Care of Hands Sterilization and Disinfection of Instruments Cleaning and Disinfection of Dental Unit and Environmental Surfaces Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 11 Personal Protective Equipment Iannucci & Howerton (p. 142) Protective clothing Gloves Masks and protective eyewear Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 12 Hand Hygiene and Care of Hands Iannucci & Howerton (p. 142) Hand hygiene Care of hands Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 13 Sterilization and Disinfection of Instruments Iannucci & Howerton (p. 142-143) Critical instruments Semicritical instruments Noncritical instruments Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 14 Cleaning and Disinfection of Dental Unit and Environmental Surfaces Iannucci & Howerton (p. 143) Intermediate-level disinfectants Low-level disinfectants Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 15 Infection Control in Dental Radiography Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 142-144) (Box 15-1) (Box 15-2) Infection Control Procedures Used Before Exposure Infection Control Procedures Used During Exposure Infection Control Procedures Used After Exposure Infection Control Procedures Used for Processing Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 16 Infection Control Procedures Used Before Exposure Iannucci & Howerton (p. 143) Preparation of the treatment area X-ray machine Dental chair Work area Lead apron Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 17 Infection Control Procedures Used Before Exposure Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 143, 145) (Fig. 15-1) Preparation of supplies and equipment Film Digital sensors Beam alignment devices Miscellaneous items Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 18 Infection Control Procedures Used Before Exposure Preparation of the patient Chair adjustment Headrest adjustment Lead apron Miscellaneous objects Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 19 Infection Control Procedures Used Before Exposure Preparation of the dental radiographer Handwashing Gloves Mask and eyewear Beam alignment devices Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 20 Infection Control Procedures Used During Exposure Iannucci & Howerton (p. 146) Drying of exposed receptors Collection of exposed receptors Beam alignment devices Interruptions during exposure Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 21 Infection Control Procedures Used After Exposure Iannucci & Howerton (p. 146) Disposal of contaminated items Beam alignment devices Handwashing Lead apron removal Surface disinfection Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 22 Infection Control Procedures Used for Processing Iannucci & Howerton (pp. 146-148) (Figs. 15-4, 15-5) Film transport Darkroom supplies Film handling with and without barrier envelopes Disinfection of darkroom Daylight loader procedures Copyright © 2012, 2006, 2000, 1996 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. 23