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Comma Use and Abuse Renn Lugent Ryan Ritchie Shane Sprayberry Brandi Harrison What is a Comma? A valuable punctuation device that separates sentences to make them more manageable. Use of Commas To separate three or more elements in a series. Example: Fred's doglike-girlfriend is short, hairy, and drooling. Use of Commas With conjunctions (the “fanboys”: for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) to combine independent clauses into a sentence Example: Joe woke up next to his girlfriend, but he did not recognize her after a long night. Use of Commas To set off an introductory phrase, clause or word. Example: Fortunately, the opening pitch didn’t count. Use of Commas To separate part of a sentence that is not necessary or to add extra details. Example: Eleanor, his wife of thirty years, was a severe pain in the neck. Use of Commas To separate coordinate adjectives, a series of modifiers describing the same noun. Example: Joe has a tall, hairy, brown-haired girlfriend. Use of Commas To use as an opening for a quoted phrase. Example: Carl says, “I like french-fried taters.” Use of Commas To express ideas that contradict each other Example: Some say the world will end in fire, not ice. Use of Commas Typographical Reasons Between City and State (Newport News, VA) Between a Date and a Year (June 29, 2007) Between a title and a name when the title comes after the name (Rick Dollieslager, Professor of English) In long numbers (19,278,340,192,372) Abuse of Commas Don’t split the subject from verb by unnecessary use of a comma. Example: Studying for a test, is recommended to pass. Abuse of Commas Don’t put a comma between two compound verbs or compound verb phrases. Example: I turned the corner, and ran smack into a patrol car. Abuse of Commas Don’t put a comma between two nouns, noun phrases, or noun clauses in a compound subject or compound object. Example: The music teacher from your high school, and the football coach from mine are married to each other. Abuse of Commas Don’t put a comma after the main clause when a dependent (subordinate) clause follows it, which separates the verb from the complement (the completion of the thought). Example: The cat scratched at the door, while I was eating. Works Cited "Using Commas." OWL: Online Writing Lab. 2007. Purdue University Writing Lab. 26 Jun 2007 <http://owl.english.purdue.edu/handouts/grammar/g _comma.html>. Darling, Charles. "Rules for Comma Usage." Guide to Grammar and Writing. 2004. Capital Community Technical College Foundation. 28 Jun 2007 <http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/comma s.htm>.