Download Sentence Types - Mrs. Olinger's English Page

CLAUSES AND
PHRASES
Adjectival, adverbial, and nominal
Clause vs phrase
• A clause is a group of words that has as a subject and
predicate.
• A phrase does not.
• A phrase is a group of words that lacks either a subject or
a predicate.
Adjective Clause
• Modify nouns or pronouns
• Adjective clauses tend to begin with (or these are implied)
• Who, whom, whose, which, or that
• When, where, why
• To test for adjective clause, they usually answer these
questions:
• Which one? What kind?
• Because they tend to begin with these relative pronouns
or adverbs, they are usually dependent clauses.
Where is the adjective clause?
• The dog that sat in the
swing wanted to be
pushed.
• The curly labridoodle,
whose big, brown eyes
pleaded for a push, waited
patiently.
• The man who put the dog
in the swing should be
punished.
Adjective Phrase
• Modify nouns or pronouns
• Modify the same things the same way, but rather than
using a clause, use a group of words (a phrase!)
• Like a normal adjective, an adjective phrase can be used before
the noun it is modifying (like in the first two examples above) or
after the noun it is modifying (like in the last example)
• Read more at http://www.grammar-
monster.com/glossary/adjective_phrases.htm#IzZiSExMRUg0WpR
B.99
Where is the adjective phrase?
• The dog in the swing
wanted to be pushed.
• The curly labridoodle, with
big, brown eyes, waited
patiently.
• The man who put the dog
in the swing should be
punished.
Adverbial Clause—contains a subject and
a verb
• Modifies verbs
• Answers these three questions:
• How / Why?
• When?
• Where?
• Tend to start with subordinating conjunctions so they are usually
DEPENDENT!
Where is the adverbial clause?
• With his arms at his side, the alligator breached like a dolphin
• He shot out of the water after he saw the duck.
• He put on a show in a lake that has fresh water
Where is the adverbial phrase?
• The alligator breached like
a dolphin
• In three seconds he shot
out of the water.
• Near the middle of the lake
he put on a show.
Nominal Clause
• Like a noun, a nominal clause names a person,
place, thing, or idea. A nominal clause may
function in a sentence as any of the following:
Subject
Subject Complement
Appositive
Object of a preposition
Direct object
Indirect object
Examples
• During Halloween you can dress like whomever
you want.
• They argue about how they will pay the bill.
• I don’t know who stole my grill.