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Transcript
Semester 1 Exam
C’est or Il/elle est
Deja / ne … jamais /
depuis
Prendre / mettre / voir / ER verbs with spelling
venir
changes
Quelqu’un / quelque
chose / ne…personne /
ne…rien
Passe Compose with
avoir
Questions / Question
Words
Passe compose with etre
VOCABULARY
C’est vs. Il/elle est
• C’est = it’s (ce sont = plural)
• Use c’est or ce sont
– With a person’s name
– With an possessive adjective, le/la or les + noun
– With le/la/les + adjective + noun
• Examples
– C’est Michael
– C’est mon oncle
– C’est la belle fille
C’est vs. Il/elle est
• Il /Elle est = He is / She is (ils/elles sont- plural)
• Use il/elle est (or ils/elles sont)
– With an adjective by itself
• EXAMPLES
– Il est grand
– Elle est blonde
DEJA / NE… JAMAIS / DEPUIS
• Déjà = already
– J’ai déjà dansé = I already danced
– Nous avons déjà vu le film = we already saw the
movie.
– Goes after the helping verb
• Ne… Jamais = never
– Goes around the helping verb
– Je n’ai jamais vu le film. = I never saw the film
– Vous n’avez jamais dansé. = You never danced.
DEJA / NE… JAMAIS / DEPUIS
• Use DEPUIS at the end of a phrase to say for
how long or since.
• Always use the present tense form of the verb
with depuis
• EXAMPLES
– Elle fait de la recherche depuis un an
– Il fait du sport depuis midi.
PRENDRE
Prendre = to take
Je prends
nous prenons
Tu prends
vous prenez
Il/elle prend
ils/elles prennent
VERBS LIKE PRENDRE
comprendre
apprendre
METTRE
Mettre = to put / place
Je mets
nous mettons
Tu mets
vous mettez
Il/elle met
ils/elles mettent
VERBS LIKE METTRE
promettre - promise
permettre - permit
VOIR / VENIR
Voir = to see
Je vois
nous voyons
Tu vois
vous voyez
il voit
elles voyent
Venir = to come
Je viens
nous venons
Tu viens
vous venez
Il vient
elles viennent
ER Verbs with Spelling Changes
• Verbs like préférer have an accent change in
the stem
Préférer= to prefer
Je préfère
nous préférons
tu préfères
vous préférez
il/elle préfère
ils/elles préfèrent
• Other verbs like préférer
– Espérer = to hope
– Répéter = to repeat
ER Verbs with Spelling Changes
• Verbs like Acheter have an accent added to the stem.
acheter = to buy
j’achète
nous achetons
tu achètes
vous achetez
il/elle achète
ils/elles achètent
• Other Verbs like acheter
–
–
–
–
Amener = to bring
Emmener = to take
Lever = to get up
Promener = to walk
ER Verbs with Spelling Changes
• GER verbs are verbs that end in GER and have a
spelling change in the NOUS form Only
Manger = to eat
je mange
nous mangeons
tu manges
vous mangez
il/elle mange
ils/elles mangent
• OTHER GER VERBS
– Changer
– Echanger
– Corriger
- déranger
- encourager
- voyager
nager
ER Verbs with Spelling Changes
• CER verbs are verbs that end in CER and have
spelling change in the NOUS form ONLY
commencer = to begin/start
je commence
nous commençons
tu commences
vous commencez
il/elle commence
ils/elles commencent
• OTHER CER VERBS
– Placer
– Prononcer
– remplacer
- avancer
- lancer
Quelqu’un/Quel que chose
Ne…personne / Ne… rien
• Use quelqu’un to say some one
– Can be used as a subject of a sentence
• Use quelque chose to say something
– Can not be used as a subject of a sentence
• EXAMPLES
– Quelqu’un fait une experience.
– Nous avons fait quelque chose hier.
Quelqu’un/Quel que chose
Ne…personne / Ne… rien
• Ne..personne means no one
– Put ne before the helping verb and personne after the past
participle (second verb)
– Je n’ai vu personne
• Ne..rien means nothing
– Put ne before the helping verb and rien after the helping
verb
– Je n’ai rien vu.
• Ne…personne and ne…rien can also be used as subejcts
(conjugate like il/elle)
– Personne n’est venu.
– Rien n’est arrivé
QUESTION WORDS
• Use question words before Est-ce que to find out
more information other than Yes or No
• Question Words
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Quand =When
Pourquoi = Why
Qu’= what
Où = where
Comment = how
Qui = who
Avec qui = with whom
QUESTIONS
• To form inversion questions, flip the subject and
the verb. DO NOT USE EST-CE QUE
– Tu as des freres? -> As-tu des freres?
– Vous dansez souvent? -> dansez-vous souvent?
• Put the question word before the inversion
question to get more information.
– Avec qui dansez-vous? -> With whom do you dance?
– Pourquoi as-tu vu le film? -> Why did you watch the
movie?
Passé Composé With avoir
• Use avoir as a helping herb with the majority of verbs
(conjugate in present tense)
• Put the main verb in the past participle form
– er -> é
– ir -> i
– re -> u
• Some verbs have irregular past participles
–
–
–
–
Etre -> été
Prendre -> pris
Voir ->vu
Écrire -> écrit
avoir -> eu
lire -> lu
faire -> fait
mettre -> mis
Passé Composé with etre
• A specific list of verbs uses etre as a helping verb (conjugated in
present tense)
–
–
–
–
–
–
Devenir
Revenir
&
Mourir
Rentrer
Sortir
Venir
Aller
Naitre
Descendre
Entrer
Retourner
Tomber
Rester
Arriver
Monter
Passer
Partir
• IF IT IS NOT ON THIS LIST USE AVOIR!!!
Passé Composé with etre
• Same rules of past participles still apply
– Etre Irregulars
•
•
•
•
Venir -> venu
Naitre -> né
Mourir -> mort
Revenir -> revenu
• When using etre the past participle MUST
agree with the subject in gender and number
– Add extra ‘e’ for feminine (elle est allée)
– Add extra ‘s’ for plural (nous sommes allés)