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Chapter 9 &10
Formation of Europe and the
Middle Ages
Chapter 9; Section 1
After the fall of the Roman
Empire, Europe was divided into
smaller what?
German States
Who was the first German king to
convert to Christianity?
Clovis


Thus creating a very
strong tie between
kings and the Roman
Catholic Church
Kingdom of the
Franks was one of
the largest and most
powerful.
Under Germanic Law what is the
term that refers to an amount that
has to be paid by a wrongdoer?
Wergild
Which people group did the
Frankish kings give land to, then
convert them to Christianity?
Vikings
The leader of the Roman Catholic
Church was called ______ from the
Latin word papa meaning “father”.
Pope
Who expanded the Frankish
kingdom and restored the glory
of the conquered Roman Empire?
Charlemagne

A.K.A. Charles the
Great
Chapter 9; Section 2 Feudalism
Vikings terrorized Europe until a
German king gave them land in
France now know as?
Normandy
Because of safety many people turned to local
nobles to protect them which began the social
system known as?
Feudalism
Know the parts of the Feudal
system.
Kings, Lords,
Knights, Vassals,
fief, feudal contract.
What was the most important gift
a Lord could give a vassal?
Fief

Land
What is the concept of civilized behavior
endorsed by the Catholic church?
Chivalry
Chapter 9; Section 3
Growth of European Kingdoms
Who established the Kingdom of
England?
William of Normandy

AKA William the
Conqueror
What English document limited
the king’s powers and protected
noble’s rights?
Magna Carta

(Great Charter)
The Magna Carta was signed by
what English King?
King John
Chapter 9; Section 4
Byzantine Empire and Crusades
What was the capital of the
Byzantine Empire?
Constantinople
Justinian
Body of Civil Law
Hagia Sophia
Icons
Excommunicated

The leaders of the
Eastern Orthodox
Church and the
Roman Catholic
Church
excommunicated
each other.
Schism
Pope Urban II called for a
“holy war” also known as…?
Crusade

Purpose was to
regain the holy lands
(Jerusalem) which
was lost to Muslim
invaders.
What famous English king
lead the third Crusade?
Richard the Lion Hearted
What was the result of the 4th
Crusade?
Instead of
recapturing the
Holy Land the
Christian
warriors
invaded the
Christian city of
Constantinople.
What was the name for the
Spanish Crusade?
Reconquista
Chapter 10; Section 1
Peasants, Trade, and Cities
Peasants legally bound to work
land became known as?
Serfs
What was the name for an association
of people with the same occupation?
Guild

Know the levels
 Apprentice
 Journeymen
 Master
What system allowed manors to
produce more food?
3 Field System
Chapter 10; Section 2
Medieval Christianity
The church realized
the need to be
independent from
the different lords
operating in Europe,
and so you begin so
see the emergence
of the power of the
church.
What was the tribunal held by
the church to suppress heresy?
Inquisition
Chapter 10; Section 3
Culture of the Middle Ages
Architecture of this time is
described how?
Gothic
What is the name for men who
tried to reconcile faith and reason.
Scholastics

The movement is
known as
scholasticism
Name the scholar who argued
that religious truths could be
proved by logical argument.
Thomas Aquinas
Chapter 10; Section 4
The Late Middle Ages
What was the name of the
disease that wiped out half of
the European population.
Bubonic Plague

Black Death
Struggles between states and
the church led to what event?
The Great Schism

Two popes appointed
at the same time.
Both fought for
power and influence.
Who called for an end to church
corruption and was killed on
charges of heresy?
John Hus
What war was started as a result of the
death of the king without a successor?
Hundred Year’s War
What French warrior felt “moved
by God to rescue France from its
English conquerors?
Joan of Arc
Political stability returned as power became
more centralized and these states became
referred to as?
New Monarchies