Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Atmospheres in a test tube: state of the art at the Astronomical Observatory of Padova Marco S. Erculiani a, b, Riccardo U. Claudi b, Lorenzo Cocola c, Diego Barbisan d, Matteo Meneghini d , Nicola Trivellin d , Nicoletta la Rocca e, Daniela Billi f Emanuele Pace g Mariangela Cestelli Guidi h a CISAS-"G.Colombo" Centre of Studies and Activities for Space Via Venezia 15, 35131, Padua - Italy ; b INAF - Astronomical Observatory of Padova (Italy), Vicolo dell'osservatorio, 5, 35100 Padova; c LUXOR - Photonics and Nanotechnology institute CNR, Via Trasea 7 Padova, 35131, Italy; d Department of Information Engineering-DEI, via gradenigo 6B, Padova ; e University of Padova, Department of Biology, Italy, f Dept. of Biology University of Rome-Tor Vergata; g Univ. Of Firenze, (Italy); h INFNNational Institute of Nuclear Physics In collaboration with… ● INAF – IAPS Roma - Istituto di Astrophysics and Space Planetology Institute (G. ● Department of Biology of Roma Tor Vergata (D. Billi) ● INFN – National Laboratories of Frascati (E. Pace) ● GAPS group (R. Claudi, S. Benatti, M. Bonavita) ● Department of Biology of A. Vallisneri di Padova (Prof. Nicoletta La Rocca) ● DEI- Light Cube - Padova (Matteo Meneghini, Nicola Trivellin, Diego Barbisan) ● LUXOR - Padova (Luca Poletto e Lorenzo Cocola) INAF –Astronomical Observatory of Padova Piccioni, S. Stifani) Timeline of the experiment First step: -M starlight simulator -Incubator build-up - Choice of bacteria Fourth step: -Irradiation of the samples with M star radiation at terrestrial pressure,temperature and extrasolar planet gaseous mixture, -Analysis of gaseous abundances in the cells. Second step: Irradiation of the samples with terrestrial conditions, - Analysis of gaseous abundances in the cells Third step: -Irradiation of the samples with M star radiation, -Analysis of gaseous abundances in the cells Ancillary science:Plants on M star planets The choice of the bacteria Resistent to harsh environemnts Sensitive to the IR and NIR bandwidth Photosynthetic in low light conditions IR chls bacteria IR-grown bacteria Chroococcidiopsis spp. Leptolyngbya sp.1 Chlorogloeopsis fritschii Acharyochloris marina Halomicronema hongdechloris Bacteria incubator build-up MINI-LISA ambient simulator BOROFLOAT® Window O ring OR 4450 45685 Edmund Optics 1’ windows coated PS811B Thorlabs Solid Works inner cell project Peltier cell Study of feasibility of a starlight simulator: sources STAR TEMPERATURES •G 5,000 K - 6,000 K. •K 3,500 K - 5,000 K. •M 2,500 K - 3,500 K. Leggett et al., 2001 Study of feasibility of a starlight simulator: the pigments Study of feasibility of a starlight simulator: the hardware ORIEL 6258 300 Watt Ozone Free Newport 10LWF-600-B Halogen lamp Moist greenhouse distance, M0V star 230V_60W_DECO 24V_100W_OSRAM 230V_40W_Lexman 230V_40W_DECO 12VDC 40W 3A Lexman 230V_75W_OSRAM Study of O2 productivity in photosynthetic bacteria:the simulaitons pH=8; T=30°C; NaCl=3% Behrendt et al 2013 Miyashita et al 2003 Chroococcidiopsis: 40 fmol/cell/h in normal growth condition (20 µmol of photons m -² s-1 ~ 40 mmolO2/g/h). Acharyocloris marina: 1.3µmol of O2 /mg Chld/h Measurement system Accuracy: O2 <1% ; CO2 , CH4= 0.1% Tunable Diode Laser Absorption Spectroscopy setup (TDLAS) gas La banda dell’ozono sposta il picco da 600 nm a 685 nm Kiang et al., 2007a Green bump (concentrazioni di Chl-a e Chl-b) Il 75% della radiazione totale viene reirradiata, Il 25 % dissipata Red edge (varia a seconda del tipo di organismo e al numero di biomassa, all’idratazione e lo spessore delle foglie e del contenuto di carbonio). Colori Troppa luce → antocianine x proteggersi L’antocianicna si accumula sulla superficie delle foglie adattate ad ambienti ombrosi e le dà una colorazione blu. Se le piante acquisissero solo la luce blu riflettendo nel rosso (→blue edge). Stelle F Ma sulla terra… (A)eonium arboreum Swarzkopf Tacca integrifolia Colocasia esculenta Ophiopogon planiscapus Hosta hosta “Blue Mouse Ears” Festuca ovina glauca Stelle M Contributes and publications 1) Atmospheres in a Test Tube, EPSC LONDRA 2013 R. Claudi M.S. Erculiani , E. Giro , M. D’Alessandro , G. Galletta 2) Laboratory investigation on super-Earths atmospheres, EPSC CASCAIS 2014 M. S. Erculiani , R. Claudi L. Lessio , G. Farisato , E. Giro, L. Cocola , D. Billi , M. D’alessandro , E. Pace , D. Schierano, S. Benatti, M. Bonavita , G. Galletta 3) Interpreting EChO's future data: biological laboratory estimates under M star's planetary surface conditions, SPIE, MONTREAL 2014 Marco S. Erculiani, Riccardo U. Claudi , Enrico Giro , Giuseppe Galletta ,Maurizio D'alessandro , Giancarlo Farisato , Luigi Lessio , Giuseppina Micela , Daniela Billi 4) Preparing EChO space mission: laboratory simulation of planetary atmospheres, SPIE, MONTREAL 2014 Riccardo U. Claudi, Marco Sergio Erculiani, Giuseppina Micela, Maurizio D’Alessandro, Giuseppe Galletta, Enrico Giro, Alberto Adriani, Francesca Altieri, Giancarlo Bellucci, Daniela Billi, Cesare Cecchi-Pestellini, Angela Ciaravella, Gianrico Filacchione, Gabriella Gilli, Marco Giuranna, Davide Grassi, Giuseppe Leto, Emanuele Pace, Maria Elisabetta Palumbo, Giuseppe Piccioni, Salvatore Scuderi, Giovanni Strazzulla, Diego Turrini 5) A tunable integrated system to simulate colder stellar radiation, SPIE 2015, PRAGA Marco S. Erculiani, Riccardo U. Claudi, Lorenzo Cocola, Diego Barbisan, Matteo Bonato, Matteo Meneghini, Nicola Trivellin 6) Simulating Super Earth Atmospheres in the Laboratory Journal: International Journal of Astrobiology, Manuscript ID: IJA-SI-EB2014-14-0533.R1, Special Issue EB2014 Claudi, Riccardo; Erculiani, Marco Sergio; Billi, Daniela; Pace, Emanuele; Schierano, Deborah; Giro, Erico; Galletta, Giuseppe; D'Alessandro, Maurizio 7) Search for spectral features in transiting planets with GAPS project Journal: International Journal of Astrobiology, Manuscript ID: IJA-SI-EB2014-14-0530, Special Issue EB2014 Date Submitted by the Author: 09-May-2014 Benatti, Serena; Claudi, Riccardo; Borsa, Francesco; Garrido Rubio, Antonio; Erculiani, Marco Sergio; Bonavita, Mariangela; Bignamini, Andrea; Covino, Elvira; Desidera, Silvano; Gratton, Raffaele; Lanza, Antonino; Maggio, Antonio; Micela, Giuseppina; Pagano, Isabella; Piotto, Giampaolo; Poretti, Ennio; Sozzetti, Alessandro; 8) Biosignature Characterization: from Lab to Space, 40th COSPAR Scientific Assembly. Held 2-10 August 2014, in Moscow, Russia, Abstract B0.6-8-14. Schierano, Debora; Baqué, Mickael; Billi, Daniela; Pace, Emanuele; Cestelli Guidi, Mariangela; Claudi, Riccardo; Verseux, Cyprien; Erculiani, Marco Sergio