Download Let`s see How Dramatic Effect can be drawn by Point Mutation with

Let’s see
How Dramatic Effect can be drawn by
Point Mutation
with Sandwich!
16 20091037 Hong Na-ri
17 20090553 Oh Yoon-jee
18 20090659 Lee Su-min
…There are 4 types of Point
Mutation!
Introduction to our Project Movie
Silent mutation
Point
mutation
Missense mutation
Nonsense mutation
Frameshift mutation
Our Movie with Sandwich!!
Bis222 Term Project
Introduction to our Project Movie
Sequence of amino acids
in polypeptide was
specified by the sequence
of nucleotides in the DNA
or RNA.
Bis222 Term Project
Introduction to our Project Movie
Point mutation?
Mutation with replacement of single base
nucleotide in DNA or RNA,
also with insertions or deletions of nucleotides.
Bis222 Term Project
Introduction to our Project Movie
How to show Dramatic Effect
of Point mutation?
For easy understanding and visual effect,
We figured
polypeptide as a sandwich,
each amino acids as ingredients of sandwich!
effect of mutation by change in taste of sandwich.
Bis222 Term Project
Introduction to our Project Movie
Match each codon of mRNA to each ingredient of sandwich
AUG AAA GGG CCC UAG
bread
lattice
ham
cheese
Bis222 Term Project
wrapper
1
Silent Mutation
DNA mutation that do not result in a change to the
amino acid sequence of a protein.
Silent mutation is due to code redundancy!
New codon by mutation specifies the
same amino acid as the unmutated codon.
+) In molecule cloning experiments,
silent mutation can control the effect of
restriction enzymes.
Bis222 Term Project
1
Silent Mutation in movie
Although G is changed to U, new codon GGU is matched to
‘ham’ which is also matched by former codon.
AUG AAA GGU CCC UAG
bread
lattice
ham
cheese
Bis222 Term Project
wrapper
2
Missense Mutation
DNA mutation that resulting altering an amino acid of
polypeptide. It can change the function of polypeptide or not.
New codon by mutation specifies the different
amino acid as the unmutated codon.
Case 1. may not alter protein function.
Case 2. have dramatic effect on protein function.
+) Sickle cell Anemia is caused by
missense mutation, Glutamic acid is
substituted into Valine
Bis222 Term Project
2
Missense Mutation in movie
Case 1. two G are changed to U. So, new codon GUU is
matched to ‘sausage’ which has similar taste with ham.
AUG AAA GUU CCC UAG
sausage
Case 2. One C is changed to A. So, new codon CCA is matched
to ‘soy-bean’ which makes dramatic effect on taste.
AUG AAA GGG CCA UAG
Soy-bean(된장!)
3
Nonsense Mutation
DNA mutation that results in a premature stop codon
in the transcribed mRNA.
New codon is stop codon (UAA, UAG, UGA)
which signals termination of translation.
Result in an incomplete, short polypeptide.
+) By, NMD(Nonsense Mediated mRNA
Decay) , the formation of truncated
proteins does not occur often in vivo.
Bis222 Term Project
Nonsense Mutation in movie
3
Two G are changed to U and A. New codon UAG is stop codon
which matched to ‘wrapper’.
AUG AAA UAG CCC UAG
bread
lattice
wrapper
Bis222 Term Project
The process of making
sandwich is over.
4
Frameshift Mutation
Caused by insertion or deletion of a number of nucleotides,
changing the reading frame, and resulting in a completely
different translation from the origin.
Protein will be abnormally short or
abnormally long.
+) Tay-Sacs Disease is caused by
frameshift mutation. It is lysosomal
storage disorder.
Bis222 Term Project
4
Frameshift Mutation in movie
U is inserted between two G and the frame is changed. The new codons
made by insertion are matched to some materials that give dramatic effect.
Change of reading frame
AUG AAA GUG GCC CUA G
There is a ‘big’ accident!!
Bis222 Term Project
To understand our movie well..
Please remember that we choose the
RNA sequence in normal case as
AUG AAA GGG CCC UAG
bread
lattice
ham
cheese
wrapper
Then….
Let’s Start!!
Let’s enjoy our movie!!
Bis222 Term Project