Download CH 9 CQ

CLICKER QUESTIONS
For CAMPBELL BIOLOGY, NINTH EDITION
Jane B. Reece, Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Robert B. Jackson
Chapter 9
Cellular Respiration and
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Fermentation
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Questions prepared by
Jung Choi
Georgia Institute of Technology
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Cellular respiration can best be described as
a) Using energy released from breaking highenergy covalent bonds in organic molecules to
make ATP
b) Taking electrons from food and giving them to
phosphate to make ATP
c) Taking electrons from food and giving them to
oxygen to make water, and using the energy
released to make ATP
d) Converting higher energy organic molecules to
lower-energy organic molecules, and using the
energy released to make ATP
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During glycolysis, for each mole of glucose
oxidized to pyruvate
a) 6 moles of ATP are produced.
b) 4 moles of ATP are used, and 2 moles of ATP
are produced.
c) 2 moles of ATP are used, and 4 moles of ATP
are produced.
d) 2 moles of ATP are used, and 2 moles of ATP
are produced.
e) net 4 moles of ATP are produced.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Glycolysis
To sustain high rates of glycolysis under
anaerobic conditions, cells require
a) functioning mitochondria.
b) oxygen.
c) oxidative phosphorylation of ATP.
d) NAD+.
e) All of the above are correct.
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What pathways generate reduced electron
carriers?
a) The citric acid cycle
b) Glycolysis
c) Pyruvate oxidation
d) All of the above
e) Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle only
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Drugs known as uncouplers facilitate diffusion of
protons across the membrane. When such a drug
is added, what will happen to ATP synthesis and
oxygen consumption, if the rates of glycolysis and
the citric acid cycle stay the same?
a) Both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption will decrease.
b) ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will
increase.
c) ATP synthesis will increase; oxygen consumption will
decrease.
d) Both ATP synthesis and oxygen consumption will increase.
e) ATP synthesis will decrease; oxygen consumption will stay
the same.
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Electron Transport Chain and Respiration 1
Rotenone inhibits complex I (NADH
dehydrogenase). When complex I is completely
inhibited, cells will
a) neither consume oxygen nor
make ATP.
b) not consume oxygen and will
make ATP only through
glycolysis and fermentation.
c) not consume oxygen and will
make ATP only through
substrate-level phosphorylation.
d) consume less oxygen but still
make some ATP through both
glycolysis and respiration.
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Electron Transport Chain and Respiration 2
This graph shows the oxygen concentration in
a sealed chamber containing isolated
mitochondria plus citrate. The addition of ADP
a) stimulates respiration by
acting as a substrate for
the F1 ATPase.
b) stimulates respiration by
speeding up glycolysis.
c) inhibits respiration by
depleting oxygen.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Electron Transport Chain and Respiration 3
Rotenone inhibits complex I of the electron
transport chain and thereby inhibits respiration.
What compound X might restore respiration in the
presence of rotenone? Hint: Examine the citric
acid cycle.
a) NADH
b) isocitrate
c) succinate
d) malate
e) pyruvate
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Energy and Respiration
Newborn mammals have a specialized organ
called brown fat, where cells burn fat to CO2
without capturing the energy to reduce electron
carriers or make ATP. This energy may be used,
instead, to
a) synthesize glucose from CO2.
b) directly power muscle contraction.
c) provide energy for endergonic biosynthetic
reactions.
d) generate heat.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Evolution of Metabolic Pathways
Glycolysis is found in all domains of life and is
therefore believed to be ancient in origin. What can
be said about the origin of the citric acid cycle, the
electron transport chain, and the F1 ATPase?
a) They evolved after photosynthesis generated free
oxygen.
b) They evolved before photosynthesis and used electron
acceptors other than oxygen.
c) Individual enzymes were present before photosynthesis
but served other functions, such as amino acid
metabolism.
d) They evolved when the ancestral eukaryotes acquired
mitochondria.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
The purpose of fermentation reactions is
a) To regenerate NAD+ so glycolysis can continue
b) To make alcohol or lactic acid that cells can
metabolize for energy under anaerobic conditions
c) To make additional ATP when respiration can’t
make ATP fast enough
d) To slow down cellular oxygen consumption when
oxygen is scarce
e) To make organic molecules that cells can store
until oxygen becomes available
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
If your muscle cells used alcohol
fermentation instead of lactic acid fermentation,
which of the following might occur?
a) Your cells would make more ATP in
anaerobic conditions.
b) Your cells would not be able to produce ATP in
anaerobic conditions.
c) You might become drunk when sprinting to
catch a bus.
d) Your cells would recycle less NADH to NAD+ in
anaerobic conditions.
e) Your cells would release less CO2 in anaerobic
conditions.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Mitochondria and Alternative Energy Sources
Petite mutants of yeast have defective
mitochondria incapable of oxidative
phosphorylation. What carbon sources can
these mutants use to grow?
a) glucose
b) fatty acids
c) pyruvate
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Catabolism and Anaerobiosis
During intense exercise, as
muscles go into
anaerobiosis, the body will
increase its consumption of
a) fats.
b) proteins.
c) carbohydrates.
d) all of the above
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Regulation of Metabolism
How will a respiratory
uncoupler affect the rates of
glycolysis and the citric acid
cycle?
a) Both will increase.
b) Both will decrease.
c) Only glycolysis will
increase because of
fermentation.
d) Only the citric acid cycle
will increase.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the probable effect on ATP production
of a low-calorie diet?
a) ATP production would decrease due to a reduction in the
availability of fuel molecules.
b) ATP production would increase as stored fats are
catabolized.
c) ATP production would increase if most calories were
provided by fats and decrease if most calories were
provided by high-fiber grains.
d) ATP production would remain constant as stored fats or
other body molecules are oxidized.
e) ATP production would remain constant as long as the
exercise level was increased.
© 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.