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Transcript
SURVEY OF BIOCHEMISTRY More on Glycogen Control Citric Acid Cycle 1 Agenda • Recap regulation of glycogen metabolism • What we have covered – – – – Glycolysis Glycogen breakdown Glycogen synthesis Gluconeogenesis • Citric Acid Cycle overview 2 Ways to Regulate Glycogen Metabolism • Allosteric Control • Covalent Modifications – Phosphorylation – Dephosphorylation Review these for Exam #3 and the Final Exam • Hormonal Control – Insulin – Glucagon 3 Covalent Modifications Glycogen Phosphorylase cAMP activates PKA Glucagon stimulates this process Glycogen phosphorylase participates in glycogen breakdown 4 Hormonal Control Insulin Glucagon Secreted in the beta cells Secreted in the alpha cells 51 aa peptide hormone 29 aa peptide hormone Increases glycogen synthesis Increases glycogen breakdown Decrease blood glucose Increases blood glucose Increases cellular uptake of glucose to make glycogen 5 Hormonal Control 6 Amino Acid Entry Into TCA Cycle Notice how there are different pathways for aa’s to enter into the TCA cycle. 7 Citric Acid Cycle Overview Alternative Names for Cycle: Kreb’s Cycle Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) Cycle 8 Fates of Pyruvate Focus on pyruvate entry into the TCA cycle. Pyruvate Amino Acids Acetyl-CoA Citric Acid Cycle Fatty Acids Key Products CO2 NADH FADH2 GTP 9