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当代物流学
西南交通大学交通运输学院
李国旗
E-mail [email protected]
Tel:13550037545
Lesson one logistics and the supply chain
Key words
• Channel intermediaries
• Cost trade-offs
• Economic utility
• FIFO
• FOB origin
• FOB destination
• Pricing systems
• Form utility
• Freight absorption
• Landed costs
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LIFO
Marketing channel
Phantom freight
Place utility
Reverse logistics
Supply chain
Stock-keeping units
Stockouts
Systems approach
Time cost approach
Part one : economic impacts of logistics
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One : while absolute and relative in
logistics costs in relation to GDP vary
from country to country, logistics is most
definitely an important part in a country’s
economy
 Two : logistics can also play an important
role in a nation’s growth and development,
particularly improvements in
transportation efficiency
Three: the economic imparts of
logistics can affects individual
consumers such as you, these
imparts can be illustrated through
the concept of economic utility which
is the value or usefulness of a
product in fulfilling customer needs
or wants
Part two: logistics : what it is
One : some of the terms used to refer to business
logistics have included the following
 Business logistics
 Distribution
 Industrial distribution
 Logistics
 Logistics management
 Materials management
 Physical distribution
 Supply chain management
Two : the meaning of logistics
 Clm : logistics is that point of the supply
chain process that plans, implement, and
controls the efficient ,effective forward
and reverse flow and storage of goods,
services, and related information between
the point of origin and the point of
consumption in order to meet customers’
requirement
Part three: the increased important of
logistics
One : a reduction in economic
regulation
 Two: recognition by prominent nowlogistics
 Three: technological advances
 Four: the growing power of retailers
 Five : globalization of trade
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Part four : the system and total cost
approach to logistics
One : the system approach indication
that a company is objectives can be
realized by recognizing the mutual
interdependence of the major
functional areas of the firm, such as
marketing, production, finance, and
logistics
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One implication of the systems approach
is that the goals and objectives of the
major functional areas should be
compatible with the company’s goals and
objectives.
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This means that one logistics system
does not fit all companies since goals and
objectives vary from one firm to another
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A select implication is that decisions
made by one functional area should
consider the potential implication upon
other functional areas.
Part five : logistics relationship
within the firm
Finance :
The logistics development regularly
interfaces with the finance area, in
part because logistical decisions are
only as good as the quality of cost
data with which they are working.
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Marketing
Contemporary marketing places heavy emphasis on
customer satisfaction, and logistics strategies can
facilitate customer satisfaction through reducing the
cost of products, which can translate into lower
prices as well as bringing a broader variety of
choices closer to where the customer wishes to buy
or use the products
Logistics strategies offer a unique way for a
company to differentiate itself among conpetiters,
and logistics now offers an important route for many
firms to create marketing supervionty
4p: place decision
price decision
product decision
promotion decision
Production
Perhaps the most common interface
between production and logistics
involves the length of production
runs
Increasing utilization of the
postponement concept also influence
the interface between production and
logistics
Marketing channels
Marketing channel can be views as
sets of interdependent organization
involved in the process of making a
product or service available for use
or consumption
The most significant contribution that the
logistics channel makes to the overall
channel process is the sorting function,
this function involves rearranging the
assortment of products as they flow
through the channels through the customer,
taking large blocks of single products and
rearranging them into quantities,
assortments, and varieties that consumer
prefer.
The sorting function has four steps, and these are
important to understanding the concept of goods
flowing through the logistics channel.
 Sorting out is sorting a heterogeneous supply of
products into stocks that are homogeneous
 Accumulating is bringing together similar stocks
from different sources
 Allocating is breaking a homogeneous supply
into smaller lots
 Asserting is building up assortments of goods for
resale, usually to retail customers
Other channels
Negotiation channels
promotion channel
financing channel
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Part six activities in the logistical
channel
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Customer service
Demand forecasting
Inventory management
Materials handling
Order management
Parts and service support
Production scheduling
Procurement
Returned products
Salvage and scrap dispose
 Transportation management
 Warehousing management
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Part seven logistics career
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由于与物流重要性的日益提高，它已经取得了
真正的职业地位，物流领域中的许多专业组织
正致于提高成员的专业知识。这些专业协会建
立的宗旨是考虑到目前的工艺水平变化如痴之
快，专业人才必须不断接受教育和再教育。
目前开设五六证书课程的学术组织有：
Clm
Clam
Apics
Wevc
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参考文献：当代物流学（英文版）
现代物流学（中译版）