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Transcript
Fanwort Cabomba caroliniana By: Steven Gilio Taxonomy • • • • • • • • • Kingdom: Plantae Subkingdom: Tracheobionta Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Subclass: Magnoliidae Order: Nymphaeales Family: Cabombaceae Genus: Cabomba Species: Cabomba caroliniana Characteristics •Perennial •Grows from short rhizomes with fibrous roots •Fully Submerged except for occasional floating leaves and emergent flowers •Stems can grow up to 10m long and reach the surface Characteristics Two types of leaves •Submersed leaves Divided frequently Arranged oppositely or in whorls around the stem Fan-like in appearence •Floating Leaves Two inches across Diamond-shaped Infrequent Flowers •Less than 2cm across •Color ranges from white to pale yellow and may also include a pink or purplish tinge. •Emerge on stalks from the tips of the stems •Bloom from May to September Distribution Pennsylvania Distribution in PA Luzerne County Crawford County Lawrence County Carbon County Bucks County Habitat Preferred habitat: • Warm, humid climates 13-27°C (55-81°F) • Permanent shallow waters 3-10 meters May also be found in: •Streams •Small Rivers •Ponds •Lakes •Reservoirs •Sloughs •Ditches •Canals Ecological Impacts • Outcompetes native plants Forms dense stands Crowds out well-established plants • Effects water quality Decomposition reduces oxygen and produces foul smelling odor • Clogs drainage canals and freshwater streams Interferes with recreational, agricultural, and aesthetic uses Sources of Introduction •Natural Dispersal Aquarium Plant Stem fragments Rhizomes •Common aquarium plant •Hull fouling •Other contaminated debris Bait Translocation of machinery Hull Fouling Control Measures • Chemical Herbicides – Endothall, Fluridone • Physical Draw down Draining • Biocontrol Grass Carp • Prevention Sterilization of boats and boating equipment Burning or Drying out of plants Discourage deliberate seeding of waterways for aquarium trade The End References • http://www.issg.org/database/species/ecology.asp?si=40 2&fr=1&sts=sss • http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=CACAC4 • http://www.invasive.org/weedcd/pdfs/wow/carolinafanwort.pdf