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Vocabulary Review Plants Plant cell with thin walls responsible for metabolic reactions including photosynthesis Parenchyma Part of the root that contains xylem and phloem Vascular Cylinder/Stele Type of plant response that orients a plant to light Phototropism Part of the root that ensures water and minerals pass through a cell membrane before they enter the stele Endodermis Area of lateral or secondary growth in stems Vascular Cambium Type of plant cell that provides support during growth Collenchyma Part of a leaf adapted for maximum absorption of sunlight Blade What constitutes most of the wood in a tree Secondary Xylem Process of water uptake and loss by plants Transpiration What can be used to measure how water flows in a plant Water Potential Type of flowering plant with netlike veins, a taproot and vascular bundles in a ring Dicot Areas of active cell division in plants Meristems Sugar loading in phloem cells involves this Cotransport Waxy layer in endodermis that keeps water in Casparian Strip Hormone responsible for phototropism Auxin Hormone responsible for fruit ripening Ethylene (only hormone that is a gas) Tissue in plants that moves substances like water and sugar Vascular Tissue in plants that primarily stores things and supports the plant Ground tissue Part of angiosperms responsible for reproduction and not found in any other major plant group Flower Group ancestral to modern plants or group that modern plants evolved from Charophycean green algae Group of plants in which the gametophyte generation is dominant Bryophytes (mosses) Group of seedless vascular plants Pteridophytes (ferns ) The power source for transpiration in plants The Sun Water properties that aid transpiration in plants Adhesion, cohesion These control how much water is lost due to transpiration as well as rate of photosynthesis Stomates or Guard cells Three parts of cell signaling Reception, transduction, response Group of plants that bear seeds but have no flowers Gymnosperms Connections between plant cells plasmodesmata Male gametophyte in a flowering plant Pollen grain The two major groups of plants that use pollination Gymnosperms & Angiosperms Process in angiosperms that results in a plant embryo + endosperm Double fertilization Male part of the flower stamen Female part of the flower Carpel The ovule in a flower becomes a seed Triploid tissue in a seed endosperm Male and female flower parts maturing at different times prevent this Self-pollination How the sperm reaches the egg in flowering plants Pollen tube Loss of micronutrients like magnesium can result in this, when not enough chlorophll is made chlorosis Plants get nitrogen they need primarily through this process Nitrogen fixation by bacteria Three macronutrients in plants Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium Growth in apical meristems is typically referred to as______growth Primary Two major plant groups whose sperm are flagellated and require water for fertilization Bryophytes & Pteridophytes Type of plant cell that is typically dead at maturity and very thick-walled sclerenchyma Sporophyte generation is dominant in these three plant groups Pteridophytes, gymnosperms & angiosperms Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM Definition TERM