Download Biodiversity - GordonOCDSB

Biodiversity
Objectives:
1. Explain what diversity is.
2. Describe the different types of diversity.
3. Explain why diversity is so important.
4.1 Life on Earth
The range of species in one place is the
place's biodiversity.
Species
• To be better able to study the diversity of life,
scientists must be able to observe and describe
each different kind of living thing.
• Scientists chose species as a way of
determining if a living thing is of a similar or
different kind.
Species
• Recall that a species is a group of similar
organisms that can interbreed and
produce fertile offspring.
• Members of different species usually
don’t breed with each other!
Diversity
• Species are composed of individuals with
different traits.
• The study of diversity focuses on
distinctions within and between species.
What Types of Biodiversity are
There?
• Genetic Diversity – variety of inherited
characteristics within a species
– Species vary in their genetic make up
• Ecosystem Diversity – variety of ecosystems
on Earth
• Species Diversity – variety of species in an
ecosystem.
– The greater the number of species in an
ecosystem, the greater the species diversity
Ecosystems
• Ecosystems are made up of many different
species and their physical environment.
(Animals, Trees, Sun, Weather)
Structural diversity: physical differences and
distribution of individuals as well the
different habitats and communities in an
ecosystem.
The greater the structural diversity in an
ecosystem, the greater the species diversity
will be (therefore more biodiversity)!
Why is biodiversity important?
(Think about these questions.)
• Why is genetic diversity important?
• Why is species diversity important?
• Why is ecosystem diversity important?
• With all this variety and diversity, scientists have
to employ methods to identify and classify
organisms of the same species (Tuesday..)
Species interact with each other and
their environment.
Food chainsProtection- Many species depend on others for
protection
Transportation-Many species move with the
help of another species
Reproduction-Some plants depend on insects
for pollination
HygieneDigestion-
Ecosystem Services
• Ecosystem Services the benefits provided
by the ecosystem to the organisms living
in it.
• Water and Food
• Shelter
• Pollination
• Decompose Waste
• Clean Air (Regulation of CO2)
So What Why are we Talking
about this????
• Humans have a great, big impact on
Biodiversity.
4.1 Taking stock
Missing?
The Yangtze River Dolphin hasn't been photographed
since 2002.
4.1 Taking stock
Could there still be dolphins here?
4.1 Taking stock
These scientists went to look
4.1 Taking stock
They searched the river for six weeks
4.1 Taking stock
Fish struggle to survive in China's polluted rivers
4.1 Taking stock
Dolphins get tangled in fishing lines and drown
4.1 Different species
There are 32 species of dolphin
spotted dolphin
not endangered
4.1 Different species
There are 32 species of dolphin
bottlenose dolphin
not endangered
4.1 Different species
There are 32 species of dolphin
white-sided dolphin
not endangered
4.1 Different species
There are 32 species of dolphin
Maui’s dolphin
critically endangered
4.1 Different species
There are 32 species of dolphin
Spotted dolphin
not endangered
Bottlenose dolphin
not endangered
White-sided dolphin
not endangered
Maui's dolphin
critically endangered
Fishing and pollution have brought some species close
to extinction
4.1 Different species
Our most endangered seawater dolphin
The last of the Maui live in shallow seas around
New Zealand
What is biodiversity important?
• There is concern that the diversity of life is
decreasing…EXTINCTIONS!!!
• It will affect us humans in many ways…
• • • • -
Plenary
•
•
•
•
•
•
There is concern that the diversity of life
is decreasing…EXTINCTIONS!!!
It will affect us humans in many ways…
-
Your Task
• Learn more about the impact that humans
have had on biodiversity.
• Read page 554—555
• Describe three conditions that lead to greater
biological diversity. How?
• How can invasive species cause biological
diversity to decrease?
H/W: Read handout and answer questions