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Symbiosis The living together of two different organisms Neutral Not taking part or giving assistance when it comes to organisms living together. Gets along with other organisms, but do not give assistance to life in any way Commensalisms • • A symbiotic relationship between two organisms of different species in which one benefits while the other is unaffected. Remora’s attaching to a shark Barnacles on a whale Birds on a cow Mutualism An interaction between two or more species in which both species benefit from the other. Acacia Tree – Ants live in the horns and bring nutrients to the tree while the tree gives them protection off the ground. Interspecific Competition Introduction: Interspecific competition refers to the competition between two or more species for some limiting resource. This limiting resource can be food or nutrients, space, mates, nesting sites-- anything for which demand is greater than supply. A lion fending off a hyena for food. Predation A predator is an animal or other organism that hunts and kills other organisms, called prey, for food in an act called predation. OUCH!!!! Parasitism A symbiotic relationship in which one organism lives off of the other organism, but does not kill it. Parasites (mosquitoes & Head Lice) Competitive Exclusion States that two species that compete for the exact same resources cannot stably coexist. One of the two competitors will always have an ever so slight advantage over the other that leads to extinction of the second competitor in the long run Predation vs. Parasitism Predation – a species sets out to kill another species in order to survive Parasitism – a species feeds off another organism, but does not kill it, this way it will have a food source as long as it stays alive Resource Partitioning What is it? Resource partitioning occurs when species require different parts of the same resource. Resource partitioning helps competing species share a resource and develop a niche for themselves in an ecosystem. Give me an example! Let's say you have a healthy population of insects and you have bats and lizards that both want to eat the bugs. Since the bats fly and the lizards crawl on the ground, they could share the bugs with resource partitioning: The bats would eat the bugs they catch in the air, and the lizards would take care of the ones they could reach on the ground. Camouflage A method that allows certain species to blend in with the environmental surroundings for protection. Warning coloration Is a means of natural defense employing conspicuous colors, sounds, or other methods by which an organisms openly projects a warning signal to potential predators It wants to be noticed…Notice “Stay Away!” Mimicry is any species that has evolved to appear similar to another successful species in order to dupe predators into avoiding the mimic, or dupe prey into approaching the mimic. A mimic generally resembles its target in one or more of the following: appearance, behavior, and habitat. Coral Snake (poisonous) Milk Snake Fly or Wasp? Thick-headed fly Hawk Moth