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Structures and Processes of Living Things http://leavingbio.net/CELL%20DIVERSITY.htm http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/scale/ Key Concepts Cell functions, growth, and development Energy transfer through photosynthesis Types of reproduction Characteristics of Living Things Grow Move Reproduce Get energy Use energy Get rid of waste Adapt to changes Cells are Living Organisms They grow and die. They need energy, nutrients, air, and water. They reproduce. They react to what's around them. Key Idea #8 All living organisms are composed of cells – from one cell to many cells. Types of Cells Prokaryotic Cell does not have a nucleus Eukaryotic Cell has a nucleus (human cheek cells) (amoeba) (onion skin cells) According to scientific evidence: Organisms include all living things can be uni-cellular – a one-celled organism – example: Protists, bacteria (monera) can be multi-cellular – a many-celled organism – example: plants, fungus, animals Amoeba (single-celled organism) Googleimages.com Euglena (single-celled organism) googleimages.com Paramecium (single-celled organism) Elodea Leaf Cells Single Celled Organisms in Pond Water Video (9 min) Multicelled Organisms in Pond Water (3-4 minutes) Animals and Plants are Multicelled Organisms Plant and Animal Cells Similarities: both cells have a cell membrane both cells have a nucleus Differences: only plant cells have a cell wall only plant cells have chloroplasts Cross-section of a Leaf Cell Wall Onion Skin Skeletal Muscle the muscle attached to the skeleton White Blood Cells Comparing Animal and Plant Cells Onion Skin Cell Red Blood Cells Elodea Leaf Cell Human Cheek Cell Nerve Cell White Blood Cells Cell Facts Cells are the simplest unit of life. Cells are the building blocks of life. All cells are produced from other cells. All living organisms are made of one or many cells. http://cellsalive.com/ A cell is like a city http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_ 124/Summaries/Cell.html The (Animal) Cell and the City Nucleus Mitochondria Ribosome Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi body Cell Membrane Vacuole Cytoplasm Lysosome Control Center (City Hall) Produces energy (Power Plant) Producer of proteins (Factory) Transport system for proteins (Highway) Package/distributes proteins (Post Office) Controls what goes in/out (Customs) Stores food/other stuff (Grocery Store) Lawns and atmosphere Breaks down food particles into smaller ones (Recycle/Cleanup) The (Plant) Cell and the City Nucleus Mitochondrion Ribosome Endoplasmic Reticulum Golgi body Cell Membrane Vacuole Control Center (City Hall) Produces energy (Power Plant) Producer of proteins (Factory) Transport system for proteins (Highway) Package/distributes proteins (Post Office) Controls what goes in/out (Customs) Stores food/other stuff (water tower/warehouse) Cell Wall Chloroplasts Cytoplasm Surrounds, supports, and protects the cell. (City wall or border fence) Uses sunlight to produce food (farm) Lawns and atmosphere