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Transcript
A WEE BIT About CELLS…. Some stuff you NEED to know… The Cell Theory • All living things are MADE up of cells! Continued… • Cells are the basic units of structure and function of all living things! Lastly… • Cells come from pre-existing cells! • • Remember Redi? Maggots Munching Meat Cells are either: PROKARYOTIC EUKARYOTIC • No Organelles • Have Organelles • No Nucleus • Have a Nucleus • Bacteria… • Plants, Animals, Fungi & Protists Cells come in different Shapes “Square” “Rectangular” “Circular” “Odd…” Cells come in different Sizes • • Smallest is bacteria Largest is nerve cell in giraffe’s neck Plant Cell Organelles you NEED to KNOW! • • • • • • • • Cell Wall Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane) Chloroplasts Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosomes Mitochondria Vacuoles Animal Cell Organelles you NEED to KNOW • • • • • • • • Cell Membrane (Plasma Membrane) Nucleus Cytoplasm Ribosome Mitochondria Lysosome Vacuoles Centrioles Plant Cell Animal Cell Nucleus • Control Center of Cell • The “Brain” of the cell • Houses Chromosomes (genetic code) which instruct all cell activities • Instructions for STRANGER-C • Surrounded by Nuclear Membrane • Contains Nucleolus • Which produces rRNA / Ribosomes Cell Membrane (aka Plasma Membrane) • Surrounds Cytoplasm • Found in EVERY cell! • Controls what enters and leaves cell • Has NO control over water, gases, glucose • Made of a lipid bi-layer with proteins floating in it and carbohydrate chains stuck on the outside of it Cytoplasm • Jelly-like “goo” inside the cell membrane • Found in EVERY cell! • Cushions and protects other organelles • Always moving (streaming) in order to move materials around the cell Ribosome • Organelle responsible for protein synthesis • Reads genetic code (RNA) to produce the type of protein needed at that moment Mitochondria • “Powerhouse” of the cell • Organelle responsible for cell respiration (energy production) • Changes glucose into ATP • Mighty Mitochondria makes energy, Mighty Mitochondria makes ATP Vacuole • Storage area • Plant cells have one or two large vacuoles to store water • Animal cells have many small vacuoles to store food, waste, water… Chloroplast • Organelle responsible for photosynthesis • Found in plants in green algae • Contain the pigment Chlorophyll • Capture sunlight (solar energy) and store it in the bonds of glucose Cell Wall • Non-living, protective barrier surrounding plant cells • Made of Cellulose (a sugar) • Gives support and structure to plants Lysosome • Organelle filled with digestive chemicals (enzymes) • Destroys unwanted material • “Lys” = “Destroy” • Found only in Animal cells Centriole • Organelle which helps with cell division (cell reproduction) • The “Spider-man” of the cell • Found only in Animal cells As for the others… • Ribosomes make ‘em • ER takes ‘em • ER=Endoplasmic Reticulum • Golgi packs and stacks • What is this referring to????? A video to help you remember… Cell Structure Video