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Insect Anatomy The short version First, some terms • Dorsal – the back (think dorsal fin in sharks) • Ventral – the front (the underbelly side of the insect) • Terminal – The end (you have a hand at the terminal end of your arm) DORSAL TERMINAL VENTRAL Three parts • Spiders, scorpions, most crustaceans have two main body parts: the cephalothorax, and the abdomen. • Insects have 3: head, thorax, abdomen. The head • Most insects have 2 large compound eyes • Some have ocelli - “mini eyes”, they only sense light, can have anywhere from 0 to 12 • Antennae – most insects have 2 antennae, some are long some short, some hairy, some not, etc… – Sense different things in different species • The head can have many mouthparts • 2 main mouthparts you need to know: – Mandibles – chewing mouthparts (2) – Proboscis – a tube used for piercing and sucking Thorax • Three segments – prothorax (front), mesothorax (middle), metathorax (end). • Each segment has two legs. – The legs have many segments, the feet are made up of segments called tarsi, some have claws. • Not all segments are easily visible on all insects. • On some insects the top part of the prothorax (pronotum) extends over the rest of the thorax. • The meso- and the metathorax can have wings. • Some insects have none, some have two, some have four. • The forewings on some insects are hard wing covers called elytra. • Wings can have wing veins (do not carry blood) Abdomen • The abdomen has segments also. • The abdomen holds most of the organs (just like humans) – Some have cerci (pincers) on the end, some have prolegs (little fleshy things that look a little like legs) • Most female insects have an ovipositor to lay eggs.