* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download konsep dan komunikasi data dalam wan
Survey
Document related concepts
Distributed firewall wikipedia , lookup
Multiprotocol Label Switching wikipedia , lookup
Zero-configuration networking wikipedia , lookup
Recursive InterNetwork Architecture (RINA) wikipedia , lookup
Deep packet inspection wikipedia , lookup
Cracking of wireless networks wikipedia , lookup
Computer network wikipedia , lookup
Piggybacking (Internet access) wikipedia , lookup
Network tap wikipedia , lookup
List of wireless community networks by region wikipedia , lookup
Asynchronous Transfer Mode wikipedia , lookup
Airborne Networking wikipedia , lookup
Transcript
Universitas Mercu Buana Jaringan Komputer Week 10 KONSEP DAN KOMUNIKASI DATA DALAM WAN Kemampuan akhir yang di harapkan adalah • Mampu memahami dan menjelaskan cara pengiriman komunikasi data dalam WAN • Mampu memahami konsep frame relay Materi : 10.1 Introduction WAN and Backbones 10.2 What Is a WAN? 10.3 Circuit Switching Networks 10.4 The Public Switched Telephone Network 10.5 Digital Subscriber Line 10.6 Synchronous Optical Networking 10.7 SONET architecture 10.1 Introduction WAN and Backbones Wide Area Network, or WAN, is a collection of networks connected through a public service or covering a large geographical area. To enable a WAN requires a routing or switching technology and a set of protocols that create paths from one point to another. There are four kinds of WANs: circuit switching, packet switching, cell relay, and leased lines. The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) is used as an example of a circuit switching network. The PSTN is built hierarchically. Different methods for connecting to the PSTN for data services are described. In particular, two of the most popular connection types, ISDN and DSL, are described in detail. The backbone technologies for connecting networks are through T and E-carrier networks. Different standards and grades exist, and the higher speed grades require optical fiber cables. SONET/SDH is the most popular protocol for data transfer on these backbones. Data that flows over SONET can be in the form of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) or Packet over SONET (PoS). Packet switching networks define endpoints but not the routes. IP networks are built from packet switching, with the Internet being the prime example. Protocols such as X.25, Frame , these WAN links are secure, often fast, and tend to be expensive. Lease lines use Data Link protocols as their control mechanisms. 2012 1 Jaringan Komputer Johanes Fernandes Andry, S.T, M.Kom Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning http://www.mercubuana.ac.id Universitas Mercu Buana Jaringan Komputer Week 10 10.3 Circuit Switching Networks Circuit switching networks were the first type of WANs to be widely used. They arose from networks that carried voice communication, were analog, and generally involved low data throughput. The telephone system is the best example, but even earlier, you could consider telegraph lines to be a circuit switching network. Circuit switching networks today transfer both analog and digital data through a defined connection path. A network can also assign circuits to individual paths to an endpoint; that kind of network is referred to as a dedicated circuit network, as shown on the right in Figure 10.1. Alternatively, a network can create circuits as required from a set of available potential connections, which is referred to as a virtual circuit network (as shown on the left in Figure 10.1). The dedicated circuit is a set of defined stateful connections, whereas the virtual circuit creates circuits on the fly and tears them down when the data is passed through those connections. Figure 10.1 shows the difference between these two network types. LANs can connect to the service provider using modems, multiplexers, channel service units (CSUs), or data service units (DSUs). CSUs and DSUs are network interfaces to the WAN. Figure 10.1 Virtual circuits versus dedicated circuits in a circuit switching network 2012 2 Jaringan Komputer Johanes Fernandes Andry, S.T, M.Kom Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning http://www.mercubuana.ac.id Universitas Mercu Buana Jaringan Komputer Week 10 Figure 10.2 The original AT&T network system architecture 10.5 Digital Subscriber Line Digital Subscriber Line, or DSL (originally Digital Subscriber Loop), is one of the most popular methods in use today for connecting to the Internet through the phone system, rivaled only by cable modems offered by digital cable TV networks, and perhaps WiMax (802.16) in the future. DSL was introduced in 1998 and has largely replaced ISDN. The most common version of DSL in use is Asymmetric DSL (ADSL), but occasionally Symmetric DSL is encountered. ADSL operates at anywhere from 256 Kbits/s up to 6.31 Mbits/s, the speed of which is a function of the level of service you purchase from a provider and the line condition. Speeds are more typically found in a range between 512 Kbits/s and 1.54 Mbits/s for downloads and 128 Kbits/s for uploads. 2012 3 Jaringan Komputer Johanes Fernandes Andry, S.T, M.Kom Pusat Bahan Ajar dan eLearning http://www.mercubuana.ac.id