Download COVALENT BOND bond formed by the sharing of electrons

COVALENT BOND
BOND FORMED BY
THE SHARING OF
ELECTRONS
COVALENT BOND
Between nonmetallic elements
Formed by sharing electron
pairs
Examples; O2, CO2, C2H6, H2O,
Bonds in all the
polyatomic ions
and diatomics
are all covalent
bonds
NONPOLAR
COVALENT BONDS
WHEN
ELECTRONS ARE
SHARED EQUALLY
H2 or Cl2
2. Covalent bonds-
Two atoms share one or more pairs of outer-shell
electrons.
Oxygen Atom
Oxygen Atom
Oxygen Molecule (O2)
POLAR COVALENT
BONDS
WHEN ELECTRONS ARE
SHARED BUT SHARED
UNEQUALLY
H2 O
Polar Covalent Bonds: Unevenly
matched, but willing to share.
- water is a polar molecule because oxygen is more
electronegative than hydrogen, and therefore electrons
are pulled closer to oxygen.
ORGANIC AND
BIOCHEMICAL
COMPOUNDS
Organic compounds are covalently
bonded molecules made of Carbon
and most often Hydrogen (called
hydrocarbons)
Carbon forms 4 bonds
Alkanes have single bonds only
Examples are propane & methane
If arranged in a single row then called
normal
Alkanes can also branch
or form rings
Alkane chemical formulas follow a
pattern
The # of hydrogens =the # of
carbons x 2 +2
Alkenes have at least 1 double
bond ex- ethene
Alkynes have at least 1 triple bond
Alcohols have an –OH group
Polymers are large molecules that
have repeating subunits ex- cells
of body, rubber, wood and plastic
milk jugs