Download C. gravity D. density

Ocean Circulation Questions
1 The oceans have a well-mixed surface layer approximately ____
meters thick.
A)
B)
C)
D)
10
50
100
200
2 Select the following relationship of water properties that is not
correct.
A)
B)
C)
D)
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increased salinity: increased density
increased temperature: decreased density
increased temperature: increased salinity
increased evaporation: increased salinity
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3 Which of the following statements is true?
As temperature decreases and salinity decreases, density
A) decreases.
As temperature increases and salinity increases, density
B) decreases.
As temperature increases and salinity decreases, density
C) increases.
As temperature decreases and salinity increases, density
D) increases.
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4
4 An area where temperature rapidly changes with depth is known as
the:
thermocline.
A)
B)
C)
pycnocline.
halocline.
isocline.
D)
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4
5 Which of the following is true about the relationships between
temperature, salinity, and density?
Salinity has a greater affect on density than temperature.
A)
B)
C)
Temperature has a greater affect on density than salinity.
Temperature and salinity play equal roles in affecting density.
D) Neither temperature nor salinity affects density.
6
What percentage of the Earth is covered by oceans?
90
%
55
%
11
%
71
%
7
Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide will cause which
of the following changes in oceanic chemistry?
Increased salinity
Decreased pH
Decreased salinity
Increased precipitation of calcium
carbonate
8
Which two features together control the density of seawater?
Temperature and salinity
Salinity and plankton
concentration
Temperature and sea depth
Salinity and depth
9
What is the main driving force for surface ocean currents?
Salinity gradients
Surface water density
Temperature
gradients
Prevailing winds
10 What are surface currents formed by?
Global winds
increased water density
the moon's gravity
the sun's gravity
11 Which of the following could cause a tsunami?
an earthquake
heavy winds
an increase in the salinity of the water
a decrease in the salinity of the water
Use the map below to answer the questions that follow.
12
Which of the following is cold water current?
A. Gulf Stream
B. California Current
C. North Atlantic Drift
D. North Equatorial
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The average salinity of the world’s ocean is ___.
A. 3.5%
B. 0-3.5%
C. 35%
D. 3500%
The body of water below with the lowest density would be:
A. Pacific Ocean
B. Southern Ocean
C. Dead Sea
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D. Lake Huron
What happens to the ocean as depth increases?
A. temperature decreases
B. temperature increases
C. pressure increases
D. both A & C
The zone of ocean water near the sea’s surface, where sunlight penetrates is known as:
A. the benthic zone
B. the abyssal plain
C. the aphotic zone
D. the photic zone
The oceans contain approximately _____% of all the Earth’s water.
A. 71%
B. 3%
C. 97%
D. 3.5%
The eastern coast of most continents are _________ due to ocean currents.
A. soaked
B. warmed
C. flooded
D. cooled
Waters off the western coasts of continents are usually colder because of their _____
origin.
A. polar
B. tropical
C. equatorial
D. warm
When wind blows across a body of water, _______ between the air and water causes
water to move.
A. surface currents
B. friction
C. gravity
D. density
Pollution may enter the oceans as a result of:
A. sewage treatment plants
B. runoff from farmers’ fields
C. shipping
D. all of the above
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27
Oceans cover approximately _____% of earth’s surface.
A. 30
B. 50
C. 70
D. 80
Surface currents always move water _____________.
A. clockwise
B. vertically
C. counter-clockwise
D. horizontally
The cool ocean current which flows off the East coast of Canada is called the:
A. Gulf Stream
B. California current
C. Peru current
D. Canary current
Surface currents are caused by ________________.
A. differences in density
B. salinity
C. waves
D. none of these stupid choices are correct!
Desalination is a process where:
A. salt is added to seawater
B. freshwater is obtained from seawater
C. salt is taken from freshwater
D. energy is obtained from seawater
As the greenhouse effect continues to warm the planet slowly, the glaciers of Greenland
are melting at a rapid rate.
Scientists are concerned that this melting may dilute the salt water in that region of the
ocean enough to shut down thermo-haline circulation.
Use what you know about climate to answer the following questions:
Explain how shutting down thermo-haline circulation would affect the temperature of
western Europe.
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In which layer of Earth’s atmosphere does most weather occur?
(a) Troposphere
(b) Stratosphere
(c) Mesosphere
(d) Thermosphere
(e) Lithosphere
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Which of the following best explains why polar regions are colder than tropical regions?
(a) Polar regions have lower albedo values.
(b) Polar regions receive less solar energy per unit of surface area.
(c) Tropical regions receive less direct sunlight throughout the year.
(d) Sunlight travels through more atmosphere and loses more energy in tropical regions.
(e) Tropical regions rotate at a faster speed than polar regions.
30
The gases that contribute to the greenhouse effect on Earth are, in order of greatest to
smallest in importance:
(a) CO2, H20, CH4
(b) H20, CO2, CH4
(c) CH4, CO2, H20
(d) H20, CH4, CO2
31
Air over the oceans is colder in summer and warmer in winter compared with air over the
continental regions. This is because
(a) Water is translucent and has a relatively high heat capacity compared to dirt
(b) Compared to dirt, a thicker layer of water participates in the seasonal cycle
(c) The albedo of water is greater than that of land and thus reflects more solar radiation
(d) Both A and B are true
(e) The effect is due to the changes in circulation between continents and oceans
32
At a constant pressure, hot air than cold air
(a) is more dense
b) is less dense
c) has more vapor
(d) has less vapor
33
If Earth had no greenhouse gases, the planet would be?
(a) Too hot to support life.
(b) Cooler but still able to support life.
(c) Too cold to support life. EDIT: COMPLEX LIFE
(d) It depends on the species of aerosol in the GHG-free atmosphere.
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Why are there winds?
a) Because air flows down-hill.
(b) Because of temperature differences.
(c) Because air flows from high density to low density.
(d) Because air flows along isobars.
35
What would happen if gravity suddenly doubled on Earth, but the mass of the
atmosphere did not change?
(a) Surface pressure would stay the same but the density would increase.
(b) Surface pressure would increase but the density would stay the same.
(c) Surface pressure and density would both increase.
(d) Surface density and pressure would stay the same because the atmosphere is in
hydrostatic balance.
Answer 27
Shutting down the thermohaline circulation would reduce the amount of warm surface water
flowing from the Gulf of Mexico to Europe and this would cause western Europe to experience
colder temperatures.