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Greek Philosophers World History/Ancient Greece Socrates Plato Lived 70 years *Lived 80 years. * Fled Athens for 10 years after Socrates’s Death. * Left him disliking Democratic Government.*Founded the School “The Academy” = most important site Operated 900 years + Wrote 36 Books including the Republic = his concept of an Ideal Society (what ruler should be best + wisest + chosen by vote + ruling class admitted by merit and achievement. Father was a stonemason + died took over role Created Socratic Method = Strategy of learning by asking questions one after another = inspired him to think + reason + discover basic nature of life. Studied: Drama, Science, Astronomy, Math, Geometry, Enjoyed debating with teachers. Served in Athenian Army = good warrior + did not enjoy fighting Short + Stocky he envied the Olympians *Friends *Socrates Taught Plato *Plato wrote down Socrates’s teachings *Both were primarily concerned with studying Human Behavior Enjoyed Teaching = did it for free insisted students learn by asking questions Downfall = sharing knowledge / teaching killed by drinking poison for violating/corrupting the youth of Athens and disrespecting the Gods. Right / Wrong + Broad Concepts of life + truth + *Studied Astronomy + Geometry Justice + Virtue + Improving Society *Convicted & Sentenced to death for * Believed in equality of the sexes = gave women equal status. *All children must have an education *Individuals should be tracked and assigned jobs based on achievement. *Believed in Philosopher Kings = compensated by *Greek *Teachers satisfaction not by material wealth. *Philosophers *Influenced structure of United *Lived long lives States Government (Aristocracy) + *Lived in Athens Constitutional Convention + *Were the founding * Plato taught Aristotle Constitution (Popular Will) fathers/foundation of Greek *Both created important *Structure of Government = Philosophy Schools never used *Both wrote books *Emphasized importance of Reason * Both disliked Democratic Government corrupting the Youth of Athens Taught Alexander the Great + Father of Founder of Logic & Reason. Believed rational laws ruled or governed the Universe = Not “Chance”. Used Observations + Logic + Reasoning = when forming conclusions. Had a School = Lyceum wrote 170+ Books = Wrote About many areas of Science Biology + Anatomy + Physics + geology + Geography + Embryology + Physiology + Zoology + Astronomy He was a Scientist and Philosopher = wrote about Ethics + Metaphysics + Psychology + Economics + Theology + Politics + Rhetoric + Logic + Piety. Logic = Most Important Works are basis for study = European Universities for centuries Lived 62 years + Father was a Physician (educated) in Macedonia. Aristotle = primarily concerned with the “Nature of the World” major difference from Socrates + Plato who were primarily concerned with Human Behavior. Works Translated to Arabic + Greek + Hebrew + Byzantines + French + German + English. Supported Slavery = Natural Law Believed Women were Naturally Inferior Believed in “Golden Mean” Moderation in Life. Supicious of Democracy fearing Mob rule Aristotle Greek Philosophers World History/Ancient Greece Socrates Plato Aristotle