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Unit 4B Worksheet
1) The heart is located in the __________________with the base being the ______portion
and the ___________the pointed lower portion. 4B 1
2) The functions of the Pericardium are to protect and ___________the heart, prevents the
blood from _____________the heart, provides a _____________frictional environment. 4B1
3) The layers of the pericardium include the ___________pericardium which is the ________
most layer that attaches to the ________________and also fuses to the great ___________
at the superior border and is anchored in the_______________________. 4B 1
4) The serous pericardium is the inner next layer which is more delicate and consists of the
______________outer layer and the visceral or ________________layer, which is attached
to the________________. Between them there is a small amount of pericardial _________in
the pericardial cavity that reduces _____________of the beating heart. 4B 1
5) The cardiac muscle that actually contracts is referred to as the_____________, which is
_____________, striated and ______________cardiac muscle cells, which are connected by
___________________discs that are composed of groups of _________junctions. These
allow the myocardium to behave as one cell or a functional syncytium. So the _________act as
one cell and the ______________act as one cell. 4B 2
6) The fibrous skeleton of the heart is crisscrossing interlacing _____________tissue bundles
around ____________muscle cells which is not conductive so it limits the ______________
conduction of the heart along specific ________________linking all parts of the heart via
________junctions through _____________discs. The fibrous skeleton separated the atria
from the______________, stabilizes the heart __________and provides an _____________
for cardiac muscle. 4B2 and Text page 662
7) Endocardium, which is simple squamous______________, lines the_________, covers the
_____________and is continuous with the _________________of blood vessels. 4B 2
8) The blood vessels that return blood to the heart are the __________and _________venae
cavae, which bring _______________blood from the upper and lower body. And the right and
left pulmonary ___________which bring ____________blood back to the heart from the
____________. 4B 2
9) Blood vessels that take or convey blood __________from the heart are the ___________
truck which contains the right and left pulmonary ___________that take ___________blood
_________from the heart to the________. And the ascending _________which takes
_____________blood __________from the heart and distributes it first, to the right and
left coronary _____________that supply the heart muscles and then the_______________,
left common_____________, and the left ________________arteries. 4B 2
10) The right coronary artery which is located in the ________________groove or coronary
sulcus, supplies oxygenated blood to the marginal artery which runs down the outside of the
right__________________, and the posterior ________________artery which is located in
the _____________________groove or sulcus.4B 3
11) The left coronary artery which is located in the artioventricular groove or _____________
sulcus, supplies ______________blood to the ________________artery and the anterior
________________artery which is located in the _________________groove or sulcus.4B 3
12) The coronary veins that drain the blood that are located on the right aspect of the heart
are the ___________cardiac vein and the ___________vein. While on the left aspect of the
heart the coronary veins are the _____________cardiac vein and the _____________vein.
All these drain into the coronary ____________that is located in the coronary ___________
and then empty into the right______________.4B 3
13) The Atria are separated by the ______________septum where you will find remnants of
an internal depression referred to as the _______ ___________which was used during
________ development and at that time was called the _____________ovale when blood
bypassed the lungs for the most part and was directed to the left___________. 4B 4
14) Blood enters the right atria from the superior and inferior __________ _________and
the coronary____________, this blood is oxygenated / deoxygenated . While blood enters the
left atria from the pulmonary _______________and is oxygenated / deoxygenated .4 B 4
15) The right ventricle pumps blood to the ________________trunk and on to the lungs via
pulmonary_______________, while the left ventricle, which has a much thicker ___________
because it pumps blood to the__________, which distributes it to the coronary ___________
and the ______________circulation. 4B 4
16) The atrioventricular valves prevent ________ ______of blood in the heart between the
right atrium and right ventricle and are referred to as the ____________valve, as well as
between the left atrium and left ventricle which are referred to as the ___________or
__________valve. 4B 4
17) The chordae ___________connect ends of the _______________valves to the _______
muscles. When the ventricles fill the papillary muscles _________and the atrioventricular
valves____________. But then the __________________contract, the papillary muscles also
________________and pull on the ______________ ____________which prevents the
___________________valves from prolapsing into the __________from back pressure. 4B 5
18) The semilunar valves of the ______________trunk and the _____________have cup like
structures that fill with ____________and close preventing ___________flow. 4B 5
19) In the heart sounds the LUB is the first sound as the ________________valves close at
the beginning of _____________(contract) where the DUB is the second sound made when the
_________________valves close at the beginning of ventricular _____________(relax). 4B 5