Download Ancient Rome

• 12/5 Focus:
– The location of Rome helped Romans to
carry on trade and build an empire around
the Mediterranean Sea.
– Rome and Carthage fought a series of war
for control of the Mediterranean trade
routes
• Important Terms:
-Empire
• Do Now
– Identify one group that influenced the
development of early Rome
Review
Ancient Rome
Roman Expansion
Punic Wars
Rome Takes Italy
• 509 BC – 264 BC
• Romans defeat Etruscans
and Greek cities in
southern Italy
– Romans granted
conquered people many
of the rights of Roman
citizens
• Demanded obedience
to Rome and taxes
The Punic Wars
• Rome and Carthage
fought a series of
wars for control of
the Mediterranean
– Carthage was a
Phoenician trading
colony in North
Africa
The First Punic War
• Roman expansion
into Sicily
brought it into
conflict with
Carthage
– Carthage-strong
navy vs. Romestrong army
• Rome is able to
defeat Carthage
– Carthage loses
Sicily
• pays for war
damages
The Second Punic War
• Rome and Carthage come
into conflict over control
of Spain (218-201 BC)
• Carthaginian general
Hannibal invades Italy
– Well trained army and war
elephants cross the
Pyrenees and Alps
– Hannibal defeats Roman
armies and creates chaos
in Italy
The Second Punic War
• Italy invades Carthage
– Led by Scipio
– Hannibal forced to
return to Carthage
• Scipio defeats Hannibal
outside Carthage
• Carthage is defeated
– Loses land in Spain and in
North Africa
The Third Punic War
• Many Romans were
still angry for the
huge losses suffered
when Hannibal invaded
Italy
– Roman Senator
Cato pushes for the
destruction of the
Carthage
• Rome declares war on
Carthage (149 BC)
And to
conclude…Carthage
must be destroyed
The Third Punic War
• Romans destroy
Carthage and
enslave the
entire population
– It is said that
the Romans
sprinkled salt
into ground so
that nothing
would ever grow
in Carthage again
Conquest of Greece
• Rome defeats the
Macedonians and
take control of
Greece and Persia
• Influx of Greek
culture into Rome
• Rome dominates
the Mediterranean
•
Closure
• Why were the Punic Wars fought?
• What was one effect of the Roman
victory in the Punic Wars?