Download Geology Practice Test (12-2-15) Name: Date: 1. Which bedrock

Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
Name:
1.
Date:
Which bedrock would be most likely to contain
fossils?
A.
Precambrian granite
B.
Cambrian shale
C.
Pleistocene basalt
3.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the Earth Science Reference Tables and
on the diagram below. The diagram shows
the evolutionary development of the horse, as
supported by the fossil record.
D. Middle-Proterozoic quartzite
The earliest geologic epoch in which Mesohippus
existed was the
2.
Which life-form existed on Earth during the same
time period?
A.
trilobites and mastodons
B.
ammonoids and Naples trees
C.
armored sh and owering plants
A.
Paleocene
B.
Eocene
C.
Miocene
D. Pilocene
D. dinosaurs and early humans
4.
page 1
An archeologist found an ancient skeleton
estimated to be 10,000 to 25,000 years old. Which
radioactive isotope would be most useful for
nding the age of the skeleton?
A.
carbon-14
B.
potassium-40
C.
uranium-238
D. rubidium-87
5.
Fossils would most likely be found in a sample of
A.
limestone
B.
C.
quartzite
D. metaconglomerate
7.
granite
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the diagram below, which represents a rock
sample containing fossilized Coelophysis footprints.
The sample was found in New York State.
The siltstone layer containing the dinosaur
footprints was turned into rock by
A.
folding and faulting
B.
burial and cementation
C.
weathering and erosion
D. deformation and melting
6.
The accompanying index fossils are the remains of
organisms that lived during which geologic era?
A.
Precambrain
B.
Palezoic
C.
Cenzoic
D. Mesozoic
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Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
8.
A geologic cross section is shown below.
9.
The geologic cross section below shows
sedimentary rock layers A, B, C, and D, which
have not been overturned. E is an igneous
intrusion. Line XY represents a fault.
Which geologic event occurred most recently?
A.
deposition of sediments for rock layer A
B.
formation of the fault
C.
intrusion of the igneous material E
D. cementation of sediments for rock layer D
The most recently formed rock unit is at location
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
page 3
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
10.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the
geologic cross section of bedrock shown below,
and your knowledge of Earth science. The cross
section shows bedrock exposed along part of the
Genesee River in New York State. The rock has
not been overturned.
11.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the geologic cross section below of the Grand
Canyon. The numbers 1 through 10 represent
Paleozoic sedimentary rock layers.
The unconformity between the Paleozoic
sedimentary rocks and the Precambrian
sedimentary rocks represents
A.
a gap in the geologic time record
B.
an intrusion of igneous rock
C.
an abundance of fossils
D. a region of metamorphic rock
A buried erosional surface indicating a time gap
in the rock record is shown between which two
groups?
A.
Clinton and Lockport
B.
Lockport and Salina
C.
Salina and Onondaga
D. Onondaga and Hamilton
page 4
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
12.
The three accompanying geologic columns
represent the rock layers in outcrops located
several miles apart. The rock layers have not been
overturned. Two di erent index fossils are shown.
13.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the cross sections below, which show widely
separated outcrops at locations X, Y, and Z.
The fossils in the rock formations at location X
indicate that this area was often covered by
Of the rock layers found in these three outcrops,
which layer was probably formed most recently?
A.
B.
C.
D.
14.
page 5
A.
tropical rain forests
B.
glacial ice
C.
desert sand
D. seawater
Which rock layer was formed by the compaction
and cementation of particles that were all less than
0.0004 centimeter in diameter?
A.
red sandstone
B.
green shale
C.
brown siltstone
D. conglomerate
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
15.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the diagram below, which shows a cross section
of Earth's crust.
16.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on
the geologic cross section. The large cone-shaped
mountain on Earth's surface is a volcano.
Letters A, B, and C represent certain rocks.
Which statement gives an accurate age relationship
for the bedrock in the cross section?
A.
Intrusion A is younger than intrusion C.
B.
Intrusion C is younger than intrusion B.
C.
Intrusion B is older than intrusion A.
Rock B is most likely which type of igneous rock?
A.
granite
B.
peridotite
C.
pegmatite
D. basalt
D. Intrusion C is older than layer E.
17.
The geologic cross section below shows a complex
structure containing a granite intrusion.
If the granite intrusion occurred 24 million years
ago, what are the most probable ages of the schist
and shale, in millions of years?
A.
schist — 25; shale — 23
B.
schist — 25; shale — 26
C.
schist — 23; shale — 25
D. schist — 23; shale — 20
page 6
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
18.
19.
Which rock type is most likely to be
monomineralic?
A.
rock salt
B.
C.
basalt
D. conglomerate
21.
rhyolite
The graph below represents the percentage of
each mineral found in a sample of rock C. Which
mineral is most likely represented by the letter X
in the graph?
A.
potassium feldspar
B.
plagioclase feldspar
C.
quartz
D. biotite
Bedrock in the area of Binghamton, New York,
consists of
A.
plutonic igneous rock
B.
sedimentary rock layers
C.
faulted and tilted volcanic rock
22.
The graph below represents the percentage of each
mineral found in a sample of igneous rock. Which
mineral is represented by the letter X in the graph?
D. folded metamorphic rock
20.
A.
potassium feldspar
B.
plagioclase feldspar
C.
quartz
D. biotite
In which group do the rocks usually have the
mineral quartz as part of their composition?
A.
granite, rhyolite, sandstone, hornfels
B.
shale, scoria, gneiss, metacconglomerate
C.
conglomerate, gabbro, rock salt, schist
23.
D. breccia, fossil limestone, bituminous coal,
siltstone
page 7
Which rock is made up of angular fragments of
rock held together by a natural cement?
A.
breccia
B.
scoria
C.
granite
D. quartzite
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
24.
Which relative concentration of elements is found
in a ma c rock?
A.
a high concentration of silicon and a low
concentration of iron
B.
a high concentration of iron and a low
concentration of aluminum
C.
a high concentration of aluminum and a low
concentration of iron
26.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the table
below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The
table provides information about the crystal sizes
and the mineral compositions of four igneous
rocks, A, B, C, and D.
D. a high concentration of aluminum and a low
concentration of magnesium
The mineral quartz in rock A is composed of the
two most abundant elements by mass in Earth's
crust. These two elements are oxygen and
25.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the map
below, and your knowledge of Earth science. The
map shows the island of Hawaii (approximately
20 N 157 W) and the locations of recent volcanic
eruptions and earthquake epicenters. The volcanic
eruptions are inferree to be caused by the
movement of the lithospheric plate over a hot spot
in the mantle below.
27.
Rock collected from the side of Kilauea Volcano
has the following mineral composition: 5%
plagioclase feldspar, 68% pyroxene, 25% olivine,
and 2% hornblende. What type of rock is this?
A.
andesite
B.
C.
rhyolite
D. peridotite
A.
magnesium
B.
silicon
C.
iron
D. lead
Which extrusive igneous rock is composed
of approximately 40% quartz, 20% potassium
feldspar, 20% plagioclase feldspar, 10% biotite
mica, and 10% hornblende?
A.
rhyolite
B.
gabbro
C.
granite
D. basalt
scoria
page 8
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
28.
Which characteristic provides the best evidence that
obsidian rock formed in an extrusive environment?
A.
layers of rounded fragments
B.
distorted bands of large mineral crystals
C.
noncrystalline glassy texture
30.
Which rock is foliated, shows mineral alignment
but not banding, and contains medium-sized grains
of quartz and pyroxene?
A.
phyllite
B.
schist
C.
gneiss
D. quartzite
D. mineral cement between grains
29.
31.
The table below shows the chemical composition
of some common minerals found in rocks of
lithosphere.
Mineral
Hematite
Data Table
Chemical Composition
Fe2 O3
Calcite
CaCO2
Quartz
KAlSi3 O8
As indicated by its chemical composition, which
mineral could have formed when CO2 (carbon
dioxide) combined with another substance?
A.
potassium feldspar
B.
C.
quartz
D. calcite
Mineral
Composition
Hardness
carbon
Depth of
Formation
shallow
1
Electrical
Conductor
good
graphite
diamond
carbon
very deep
10
poor
Some properties of diamond are di erent from
those of graphite because diamond
SO2
Potassium feldspar
The table below lists some information about the
minerals graphite and diamond.
hematite
A.
has a di erent arrangement of atoms
B.
forms larger crystals
C.
has a di erent composition
D. is older in geologic age
page 9
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the passage, diagram of an ophiolite drill-core sample, and map
below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The dot on the map represents the location where the ophiolite drill-core
sample was taken.
Ophiolites
In some places, segments of oceanic crust, sediment, upper mantle, and rock have been heaved up
by tectonic movements onto the edges of continents, where they often become part of mountains. These
displaced oceanic lithosphere segments are called ophiolites. They provide an opportunity to study the
composition of oceanic lithosphere and are a key feature in recognizing past tectonic plate convergence along
subduction zones. Drill-core samples of ophiolites typically have the layering pattern shown in the drill-core
sample below.
page 10
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
32.
Describe how the mineral composition of dunite
is di erent from the mineral composition of
peridotite.
35.
The crystals of many metamorphic rocks are
aligned in bands as a result of
A.
earthquake faulting
B.
cooling and soidi cation
C.
mechanical weathering
D. heat and pressure
33.
34.
Which rock forms by the recrystallization of
unmelted rock material under conditions of high
temperature and pressure?
A.
granite
B.
gneiss
C.
rock gypsum
D. bituminous coal
36.
Which process is necessary for the formation of
igneous rocks?
A.
erosion
B.
deposition
C.
solidi cation
D. metamorphism
Which statement best describes the formation of
an intrusive igneous rock?
A.
Magma solidi es slowly, resulting in a
coarse-grained texture.
B.
Magma solidi es slowly, resulting in a
ne-grained texture.
C.
Magma solidi es rapidly, resulting in a glassy
texture.
37.
D. Magma solidi es rapidly, resulting in a clastic
texture.
Which sequence of change in rock type occurs as
shale is subjected to increasing heat and pressure?
A.
shale ! schist ! phyllite ! slate ! gneiss
B.
shale ! slate ! phyllite ! schist ! gneiss
C.
shale ! gneiss ! phyllite ! slate ! schist
D. shale ! gneiss ! phyllite ! schist ! slate
page 11
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
38.
The absolute age of a rock is the approximate
number of years ago that the rock formed. The
absolute age of an igneous rock can best be
determined by
A.
comparing the amounts of decayed and
undecayed radioactive isotopes in the rock
B.
comparing the sizes of the crystals found in
the upper and lower parts of the rock
C.
examining the rock's relative position in a
rock outcrop
40.
In which set are the rock drawings labeled with
their correct rock types?
A.
B.
D. examining the environment in which the rock
is found
C.
D.
39.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s)
on the diagram below below, which represents a
part of the rock cycle. The igneous rock, granite,
and the characteristics of sedimentary rock X and
metamorphic rock Y are shown.
Identify sedimentary rock X.
page 12
Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
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Geology Practice Test (12-2-15)
12/02/2015
1.
Answer:
B
21.
Answer:
B
2.
Answer:
B
22.
Answer:
B
3.
Answer:
B
23.
Answer:
A
4.
Answer:
A
24.
Answer:
B
5.
Answer:
A
25.
Answer:
B
6.
Answer:
B
26.
Answer:
B
7.
Answer:
B
27.
Answer:
A
8.
Answer:
D
28.
Answer:
C
9.
Answer:
C
29.
Answer:
D
10.
Answer:
C
30.
Answer:
B
11.
Answer:
A
31.
Answer:
A
12.
Answer:
D
32.
Answer:
13.
Answer:
D
– Dunite is more ma c.
14.
Answer:
B
– Dunite does not contain pyroxene.
15.
Answer:
B
16.
Answer:
D
17.
Answer:
A
18.
Answer:
A
19.
Answer:
B
20.
Answer:
A
Acceptable responses include, but are not
limited to:
– It is more ma c.
– Dunite contains only olivine, while
peridotite contains pyroxene and olivine.
– Peridotite has calcium, aluminum, and
sodium.
33.
Answer:
B
34.
Answer:
A
35.
Answer:
D
36.
Answer:
C
Teacher's Key
37.
Answer:
B
38.
Answer:
A
39.
Answer:
sandstone.
40.
Answer:
D
Page 2